This documentation was generated automatically from the AVR Studio part description file ATmega6490.pdf.
AD Converter Feature list: 10-bit Resolution. 0.5 LSB Integral Non-Linearity. +-2 LSB Absolute Accuracy. TBD - 260 µs Conversion Time. Up to TBD kSPS at maximum resolution. 8 Multiplexed Single Ended Input Channels. 7 Differential input channels (TQFP package only). 2 Differential input channels with optional gain of 10x and 200x (TQFP package only). Optional left adjustment for ADC result readout. 0 - VCC ADC Input Voltage Range. Selectable 2.56 V ADC reference voltage. Free Running or Single Conversion Mode. Interrupt on ADC Conversion Complete. Sleep Mode Nois
sfrb ADMUX = $7C;
#define MUX0 0
The value of these bits selects which combination of analog inputs are connected to the ADC. These bits also select the gain for the differential channels. See Table 92 for details. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set).
#define MUX1 1
The value of these bits selects which combination of analog inputs are connected to the ADC. These bits also select the gain for the differential channels. See Table 92 for details. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set).
#define MUX2 2
The value of these bits selects which combination of analog inputs are connected to the ADC. These bits also select the gain for the differential channels. See Table 92 for details. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set).
#define MUX3 3
The value of these bits selects which combination of analog inputs are connected to the ADC. These bits also select the gain for the differential channels. See Table 92 for details. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set).
#define MUX4 4
The value of these bits selects which combination of analog inputs are connected to the ADC. These bits also select the gain for the differential channels. See Table 92 for details. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set).
#define ADLAR 5
The ADLAR bit affects the presentation of the ADC conversion result in the ADC data register. If ADLAR is cleared, the result is right adjusted. If ADLAR is set, the result is left adjusted. Changing the ADLAR bit will affect the ADC data register immediately, regardless of any ongoing conversions. For a complete description of this bit, see ?The ADC Data Register -ADCL and ADCH? on page 198.
#define REFS0 6
These bits select the voltage reference for the ADC, as shown in Table 91. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set). If differential channels are used, the selected reference should not be closer to AV CC than indicated in Table 94 on page 200. The internal voltage reference options may not be used if an external reference voltage is being applied to the AREF pin.
#define REFS1 7
These bits select the voltage reference for the ADC, as shown in Table 91. If these bits are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is complete (ADIF in ADCSR is set). If differential channels are used, the selected reference should not be closer to AV CC than indicated in Table 94 on page 200. The internal voltage reference options may not be used if an external reference voltage is being applied to the AREF pin.
sfrb ADCSRA = $7A;
#define ADPS0 0
These bits determine the division factor between the XTAL frequency and the input clock to the ADC.
#define ADPS1 1
These bits determine the division factor between the XTAL frequency and the input clock to the ADC.
#define ADPS2 2
These bits determine the division factor between the XTAL frequency and the input clock to the ADC.
#define ADIE 3
When this bit is set (one) and the I-bit in SREG is set (one), the ADC Conversion Complete Interrupt is activated.
#define ADIF 4
This bit is set (one) when an ADC conversion completes and the data registers are updated. The ADC Conversion Complete Interrupt is executed if the ADIE bit and the I-bit in SREG are set (one). ADIF is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, ADIF is cleared by writing a logical one to the flag. Beware that if doing a read-modify-write on ADCSR, a pending interrupt can be disabled. This also applies if the SBI and CBI instructions are used.
#define ADATE 5
When this bit is written to one,Auto Triggering of the ADC is enabled.The ADC will start a conversion on a positive edge of the selected trigger signal.The trigger source is selected by setting the ADC Trigger Select bits,ADTS in ADCSRB.
#define ADSC 6
In Single Conversion Mode, a logical ?1? must be written to this bit to start each conversion. In Free Running Mode, a logical ?1? must be written to this bit to start the first conversion. The first time ADSC has been written after the ADC has been enabled, or if ADSC is written at the same time as the ADC is enabled, an extended conversion will result. This extended conversion performs initialization of the ADC. ADSC will read as one as long as a conversion is in progress. When the conversion is complete, it returns to zero. When a dummy conversion precedes a real conversion, ADSC will stay high until the real conversion completes. Writing a 0 to this bit has no effect
#define ADEN 7
Writing a logical ?1? to this bit enables the ADC. By clearing this bit to zero, the ADC is turned off. Turning the ADC off while a conversion is in progress, will terminate this conversion.
sfrb ADCH = $79;
#define ADCH0 0
#define ADCH1 1
#define ADCH2 2
#define ADCH3 3
#define ADCH4 4
#define ADCH5 5
#define ADCH6 6
#define ADCH7 7
sfrb ADCL = $78;
#define ADCL0 0
#define ADCL1 1
#define ADCL2 2
#define ADCL3 3
#define ADCL4 4
#define ADCL5 5
#define ADCL6 6
#define ADCL7 7
sfrb ADCSRB = $7B;
#define ADTS0 0
If ADATE in ADCSRA is written to one,the value of these bits selects which source will trigger an ADC conversion.If ADATE is cleared,the ADTS2:0 settings will have no effect.A conversion will be triggered by the rising edge of the selected interrupt flag.Note that switching from a trigger source that is cleared to a trigger source that is set,will generate a positive edge on the trigger signal.If ADEN in ADCSRA is set,this will start a conversion.Switching to Free Running Mode (ADTS [2:0 ]=0)will not cause a trigger event,even if the ADC Interrupt Flag is set .
#define ADTS1 1
If ADATE in ADCSRA is written to one,the value of these bits selects which source will trigger an ADC conversion.If ADATE is cleared,the ADTS2:0 settings will have no effect.A conversion will be triggered by the rising edge of the selected interrupt flag.Note that switching from a trigger source that is cleared to a trigger source that is set,will generate a positive edge on the trigger signal.If ADEN in ADCSRA is set,this will start a conversion.Switching to Free Running Mode (ADTS [2:0 ]=0)will not cause a trigger event,even if the ADC Interrupt Flag is set .
#define ADTS2 2
If ADATE in ADCSRA is written to one,the value of these bits selects which source will trigger an ADC conversion.If ADATE is cleared,the ADTS2:0 settings will have no effect.A conversion will be triggered by the rising edge of the selected interrupt flag.Note that switching from a trigger source that is cleared to a trigger source that is set,will generate a positive edge on the trigger signal.If ADEN in ADCSRA is set,this will start a conversion.Switching to Free Running Mode (ADTS [2:0 ]=0)will not cause a trigger event,even if the ADC Interrupt Flag is set .
sfrb DIDR0 = $7E;
#define ADC0D 0
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC1D 1
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC2D 2
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC3D 3
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC4D 4
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC5D 5
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC6D 6
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define ADC7D 7
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the corresponding ADC pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the ADC7..0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
sfrb ADCSRB = $7B;
#define ACME 6
When this bit is written logic one and the ADC is switched off (ADEN in ADCSR is zero), the ADC multiplexer selects the negative input to the Analog Comparator. When this bit is written logic zero, AIN1 is applied to the negative input of the Analog Comparator. For a detailed description of this bit, see ?Analog Comparator Multiplexed Input? on page 186.
sfrb ACSR = $30;
#define ACIS0 0
These bits determine which comparator events that trigger the Analog Comparator interrupt.
#define ACIS1 1
These bits determine which comparator events that trigger the Analog Comparator interrupt.
#define ACIC 2
When written logic one, this bit enables the Input Capture function in Timer/Counter1 to be triggered by the analog comparator. The comparator output is in this case directly connected to the Input Capture front-end logic, making the comparator utilize the noise canceler and edge select features of the Timer/Counter1 Input Capture interrupt. When written logic zero, no connection between the analog comparator and the Input Capture function exists. To make the comparator trigger the Timer/Counter1 Input Capture interrupt, the TICIE1 bit in the Timer Interrupt Mask Register (TIMSK) must be set
#define ACIE 3
When the ACIE bit is written logic one and the I-bit in the Status Register is set, the analog comparator interrupt is acti-vated. When written logic zero, the interrupt is disabled.
#define ACI 4
This bit is set by hardware when a comparator output event triggers the interrupt mode defined by ACIS1 and ACIS0. The Analog Comparator Interrupt routine is executed if the ACIE bit is set and the I-bit in SREG is set. ACI is cleared by hard-ware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, ACI is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag.
#define ACO 5
The output of the analog comparator is synchronized and then directly connected to ACO. The synchronization introduces a delay of 1-2 clock cycles.
#define ACBG 6
When this bit is set, a fixed bandgap reference voltage replaces the positive input to the Analog Comparator. When this bit is cleared, AIN0 is applied to the positive input of the Analog Comparator. See ?Internal Voltage Reference? on page 42.
#define ACD 7
When this bit is written logic one, the power to the analog comparator is switched off. This bit can be set at any time to turn off the analog comparator. This will reduce power consumption in active and idle mode. When changing the ACD bit, the Analog Comparator Interrupt must be disabled by clearing the ACIE bit in ACSR. Otherwise an interrupt can occur when the bit is changed.
sfrb DIDR1 = $7F;
#define AIN0D 0
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the AIN1/0 pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the AIN1/0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
#define AIN1D 1
When this bit is written logic one,the digital input buffer on the AIN1/0 pin is disabled.The corresponding PIN register bit will always read as zero when this bit is set.When an analog signal is applied to the AIN1/0 pin and the digital input from this pin is not needed,this bit should be written logic one to reduce power consumption in the digital input buffer.
The Serial Peripheral Interface(SPI) allows high-speed synchronous data transfer between the AT90S4414/8515 and peripheral devices or between several AVR devices. The AT90S4414/8515 SPI features include the following: ? Full-duplex, 3-wire Synchronous Data Transfer ? Master or Slave Operation ? LSB First or MSB First Data Transfer ? Four Programmable Bit Rates ? End of Transmission Interrupt Flag ? Write Collision Flag Protection ? Wakeup from Idle Mode (Slave Mode Only)
sfrb SPCR = $2C;
#define SPR0 0
These two bits control the SCK rate of the device configured as a master. SPR1 and SPR0 have no effect on the slave.
#define SPR1 1
These two bits control the SCK rate of the device configured as a master. SPR1 and SPR0 have no effect on the slave.
#define CPHA 2
Refer to Figure 36 or Figure 37 for the functionality of this bit.
#define CPOL 3
When this bit is set (one), SCK is high when idle. When CPOL is cleared (zero), SCK is low when idle. Refer to Figure 36 and Figure 37 for additional information.
#define MSTR 4
This bit selects Master SPI mode when set (one), and Slave SPI mode when cleared (zero). If SS is configured as an input and is driven low while MSTR is set, MSTR will be cleared, and SPIF in SPSR will become set. The user will then have to set MSTR to re-enable SPI master mode.
#define DORD 5
When the DORD bit is set (one), the LSB of the data word is transmitted first. When the DORD bit is cleared (zero), the MSB of the data word is transmitted first.
#define SPE 6
When the SPE bit is set (one), the SPI is enabled. This bit must be set to enable any SPI operations.
#define SPIE 7
This bit causes the SPI interrupt to be executed if SPIF bit in the SPSR register is set and the global interrupts are enabled.
sfrb SPSR = $2D;
#define SPI2X 0
When this bit is written logic one the SPI speed (SCK Frequency)will be doubled when the SPI is in master mode .This means that the minimum SCK period will be 2 CPU clock periods.When the SPI is configured as Slave,the SPI is only guaranteed to work at f osc /4orlower. The SPI interface on the ATmega162 is also used for program memory and EEPROM downloading or uploading.
#define WCOL 6
The WCOL bit is set if the SPI data register (SPDR) is written during a data transfer. The WCOL bit (and the SPIF bit) are cleared (zero) by first reading the SPI Status Register when WCOL is set (one), and then accessing the SPI Data Register.
#define SPIF 7
When a serial transfer is complete, the SPIF bit is set (one) and an interrupt is generated if SPIE in SPCR is set (one) and global interrupts are enabled. If SS is an input and is driven low when the SPI is in master mode, this will also set the SPIF flag. SPIF is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, the SPIF bit is cleared by first reading the SPI status register when SPIF is set (one), then accessing the SPI Data Register (SPDR).
sfrb SPDR = $2E;
#define SPDR0 0
#define SPDR1 1
#define SPDR2 2
#define SPDR3 3
#define SPDR4 4
#define SPDR5 5
#define SPDR6 6
#define SPDR7 7
Universal Serial Interface
sfrb USIDR = $BA;
#define USIDR0 0
#define USIDR1 1
#define USIDR2 2
#define USIDR3 3
#define USIDR4 4
#define USIDR5 5
#define USIDR6 6
#define USIDR7 7
sfrb USISR = $B9;
#define USICNT0 0
#define USICNT1 1
#define USICNT2 2
#define USICNT3 3
#define USIDC 4
#define USIPF 5
#define USIOIF 6
#define USISIF 7
sfrb USICR = $B8;
#define USITC 0
#define USICLK 1
#define USICS0 2
#define USICS1 3
#define USIWM0 4
#define USIWM1 5
#define USIOIE 6
#define USISIE 7
The Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter (USART) is a highly flexible serial communication device. The main features are: ? Full Duplex Operation (Independent Serial Receive and Transmit Registers) ? Asynchronous or Synchronous Operation ? Master or Slave Clocked Synchronous Operation ? High Resolution Baud Rate Generator ? Supports Serial Frames with 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 Data Bits and 1 or 2 Stop Bits ? Odd or Even Parity Generation and Parity Check Supported by Hardware ? Data OverRun Detection ? Framing Error Detection ? Noise Filtering Includes False Start Bit Detection and Digital Low Pass Filter ? Three Separate Interrupts on TX Complete, TX Data Register Empty and RX Complete ? Multi-processor Communication Mode ? Double Speed Asynchronous Communica
sfrb UDR = $C6;
#define UDR00 0
#define UDR01 1
#define UDR02 2
#define UDR03 3
#define UDR04 4
#define UDR05 5
#define UDR06 6
#define UDR07 7
sfrb UCSRA = $C0;
#define MPCM 0
This bit enables the Multi-processor Communication Mode. When the MPCM bit is written to one, all the incoming frames received by the USART receiver that do not contain address information will be ignored. The transmitter is unaffected by the MPCM setting. For more detailed information see ?Multi-processor Communication Mode? on page 152.
#define U2X 1
This bit only has effect for the asynchronous operation. Write this bit to zero when using synchronous operation. Writing this bit to one will reduce the divisor of the baud rate divider from 16 to 8 effectively doubling the transfer rate for asynchronous communication.
#define UPE 2
This bit is set if the next character in the receive buffer had a Parity Error when received and the parity checking was enabled at that point (UPM1 = 1). This bit is valid until the receive buffer (UDR0) is read. Always set this bit to zero when writing to UCSR0A.
#define DOR 3
This bit is set if an Overrun condition is detected, i.e. when a character already present in the UDRregister is not read before the next character has been shifted into the Receiver Shift register. The OR bit is buffered, which means that it will be set once the valid data still in UDR0E is read. The OR bit is cleared (zero) when data is received and transferred to UDR0.
#define FE 4
This bit is set if a Framing Error condition is detected, i.e. when the stop bit of an incoming character is zero. The FE bit is cleared when the stop bit of received data is one.
#define UDRE 5
This bit is set (one) when a character written to UDRis transferred to the Transmit shift register. Setting of this bit indicates that the transmitter is ready to receive a new character for transmission. When the UDR0IE bit in UCR is set, the USART Transmit Complete interrupt to be executed as long as UDR0E is set. UDR0E is cleared by writing UDR0. When interrupt-driven data transmittal is used, the USART Data Register Empty Interrupt routine must write UDRin order to clear UDR0E, otherwise a new interrupt will occur once the interrupt routine terminates. UDR0E is set (one) during reset to indicate that the transmitter is r
#define TXC 6
This bit is set (one) when the entire character (including the stop bit) in the Transmit Shift register has been shifted out and no new data has been written to UDR0. This flag is especially useful in half-duplex communications interfaces, where a transmitting application must enter receive mode and free the communications bus immediately after completing the transmission. When the TXCIE bit in UCR is set, setting of TXC causes the USART Transmit Complete interrupt to be executed. TXC is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, the TXC bit is cleared (zero) by writing a logical one to the b
#define RXC 7
This bit is set (one) when a received character is transferred from the Receiver Shift register to UDR0. The bit is set regard-less of any detected framing errors. When the RXCIE bit in UCR is set, the USART Receive Complete interrupt will be executed when RXC is set(one). RXC is cleared by reading UDR0. When interrupt-driven data reception is used, the USART Receive Complete Interrupt routine must read UDRin order to clear RXC, otherwise a new interrupt will occur once the interrupt routine terminates.
sfrb UCSRB = $C1;
#define TXB8 0
TXB8 is the 9th data bit in the character to be transmitted when operating with serial frames with 9 data bits. Must be writ-ten before writing the low bits to UDR0.
#define RXB8 1
RXB8 is the 9th data bit of the received character when operating with serial frames with 9 data bits. Must be read before reading the low bits from UDR0.
#define UCSZ2 2
The UCSZ2 bits combined with the UCSZ1:0 bit in UCSR0C sets the number of data bits (character size) in a frame the receiver and transmitter use.
#define TXEN 3
Writing this bit to one enables the USART transmitter. The transmitter will override normal port operation for the TxD pin when enabled. The disabling of the transmitter (writing TXEN to zero) will not become effective until ongoing and pending transmissions are completed, i.e. when the transmit shift register and transmit buffer register does not contain data to be transmitted. When disabled, the transmitter will no longer override the TxD port.
#define RXEN 4
Writing this bit to one enables the USART receiver. The receiver will override normal port operation for the RxD pin when enabled. Disabling the receiver will flush the receive buffer invalidating the FE, DOR and PE flags.
#define UDRIE 5
Writing this bit to one enables interrupt on the UDR0E flag. A Data Register Empty interrupt will be generated only if the UDR0IE bit is written to one, the global interrupt flag in SREG is written to one and the UDR0E bit in UCSR0A is set.
#define TXCIE 6
Writing this bit to one enables interrupt on the TXC flag. A USART Transmit Complete interrupt will be generated only if the TXCIE bit is written to one, the global interrupt flag in SREG is written to one and the TXC bit in UCSR0A is set.
#define RXCIE 7
Writing this bit to one enables interrupt on the RXC flag. A USART Receive Complete interrupt will be generated only if the RXCIE bit is written to one, the global interrupt flag in SREG is written to one and the RXC bit in UCSR0A is set.
sfrb UCSRC = $C2;
#define UCPOL 0
This bit is used for synchronous mode only. Write this bit to zero when asynchronous mode is used. The UCPOL bit sets the relationship between data output change and data input sample, and the synchronous clock (XCK).
#define UCSZ0 1
Character Size: 0 0 0 = 5-bit. 0 0 1 = 6-bit. 0 1 0 = 7 bit. 0 1 1 = 8-bit. 1 1 1 = 9 bit.
#define UCSZ1 2
Character Size: 0 0 0 = 5-bit. 0 0 1 = 6-bit. 0 1 0 = 7 bit. 0 1 1 = 8-bit. 1 1 1 = 9 bit.
#define USBS 3
0: 1-bit. 1: 2-bit.
#define UPM0 4
This bit enable and set type of parity generation and check. If enabled, the transmitter will automatically generate and send the parity of the transmitted data bits within each frame. The receiver will generate a parity value for the incoming data and compare it to the UPM0 setting. If a mismatch is detected, the PE flag in UCSR0A will be set.
#define UPM1 5
This bit enable and set type of parity generation and check. If enabled, the transmitter will automatically generate and send the parity of the transmitted data bits within each frame. The receiver will generate a parity value for the incoming data and compare it to the UPM0 setting. If a mismatch is detected, the PE flag in UCSR0A will be set.
#define UMSEL 6
0: Asynchronous Operation. 1: Synchronous Operation
sfrb UBRRH = $C5;
#define UBRR8 0
#define UBRR9 1
#define UBRR10 2
#define UBRR11 3
sfrb UBRRL = $C4;
#define UBRR0 0
#define UBRR1 1
#define UBRR2 2
#define UBRR3 3
#define UBRR4 4
#define UBRR5 5
#define UBRR6 6
#define UBRR7 7
sfrb SREG = $3F;
sfrb SPH = $3E;
#define SP8 0
#define SP9 1
#define SP10 2
#define SP11 3
#define SP12 4
#define SP13 5
#define SP14 6
#define SP15 7
sfrb SPL = $3D;
#define SP0 0
#define SP1 1
#define SP2 2
#define SP3 3
#define SP4 4
#define SP5 5
#define SP6 6
#define SP7 7
sfrb MCUCR = $35;
#define IVCE 0
The IVCE bit must be written to logic one to enable change of the IVSEL bit.IVCE is cleared by hardware four cycles after it is written or when IVSEL is written.Setting the IVCE bit will disable interrupts.
#define IVSEL 1
When the IVSEL bit is cleared (zero),the interrupt vectors are placed at the start of the Flash memory.When this bit is set (one),the interrupt vectors are moved to the beginning of the Boot Loader section of the flash.The actual address of the start of the boot flash section is determined by the BOOTSZ fuses.
#define PUD 4
When this bit is written to one,the pull-ups in the I/O ports are disabled even if the DDxn and PORTxn registers are configured to enable the pull-ups ({DDxn,PORTxn}=0b01).
sfrb MCUSR = $34;
#define PORF 0
This bit is set if a power-on reset occurs. The bit is reset only by writing a logic zero to the flag.
#define EXTRF 1
This bit is set if an external reset occurs. The bit is reset by a power-on reset, or by writing a logic zero to the flag.
#define BORF 2
This bit is set if a brown-out reset occurs. The bit is reset by a power-on reset, or by writing a logic zero to the flag.
#define WDRF 3
This bit is set if a watchdog reset occurs. The bit is reset by a power-on reset, or by writing a logic zero to the flag.
#define JTRF 4
This bit is set if a reset is being caused by a logic one in the JTAG Reset Register selected by the JTAG instruction AVR_RESET. This bit is reset by a Power-on reset, or by writing a logic zero to the flag.
sfrb OSCCAL = $66;
#define CAL0 0
#define CAL1 1
#define CAL2 2
#define CAL3 3
#define CAL4 4
#define CAL5 5
#define CAL6 6
#define CAL7 7
sfrb CLKPR = $61;
#define CLKPS0 0
#define CLKPS1 1
#define CLKPS2 2
#define CLKPS3 3
#define CLKPCE 7
The CLKPCE bit must be written to logic one to enable change of the CLKPS bits. The CLKPCE bit is only updated when the other bits in CLKPR are simultaneously written to zero. CLKPCE is cleared by hardware four cycles after it is written or when CLKPS bits are written. Rewriting the CLKPCE bit within this time-out period does neither extend the time-out period, nor clear the CLKPCE bit.
sfrb PRR = $64;
#define PRADC 0
Writing logic one to this bit shuts down the ADC. The ADC must be disabled before shut down. The analog comparator cannot use the ADC input MUX when the ADC is shut down.
#define PRUSART0 1
Writing logic one to this bit shuts down the USART by stopping the clock to the module. When waking up the USART again, the USART should be reinitialised to ensure proper operation.
#define PRSPI 2
Writing logic one to this bit shuts down the Serial Peripheral Interface by stopping the clock to the module. When waking up the SPI again, the SPI should be reinitialised to ensure proper operation.
#define PRTIM1 3
Writing logic one to this bit shuts down the Timer/Counter1 module. When Timer/Counter1 is enabled, operation will continue like before the shutdown.
#define PRLCD 4
Writing logic one to this bit shuts down the LCD controller. The LCD controller must be disabled and the display discharged before shut down.
sfrb SMCR = $33;
#define SE 0
The SE bit must be written to logic one to make the MCU enter the sleep mode when the SLEEP instruction is executed.To
#define SM0 1
These bits select between the five available sleep modes.
#define SM1 2
These bits select between the five available sleep modes.
#define SM2 3
These bits select between the five available sleep modes.
sfrb GPIOR2 = $2B;
#define GPIOR20 0
#define GPIOR21 1
#define GPIOR22 2
#define GPIOR23 3
#define GPIOR24 4
#define GPIOR25 5
#define GPIOR26 6
#define GPIOR27 7
sfrb GPIOR1 = $2A;
#define GPIOR10 0
#define GPIOR11 1
#define GPIOR12 2
#define GPIOR13 3
#define GPIOR14 4
#define GPIOR15 5
#define GPIOR16 6
#define GPIOR17 7
sfrb GPIOR0 = $1E;
#define GPIOR00 0
#define GPIOR01 1
#define GPIOR02 2
#define GPIOR03 3
#define GPIOR04 4
#define GPIOR05 5
#define GPIOR06 6
#define GPIOR07 7
JTAG Features: JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant) Interface. Boundary-Scan Capabilities According to the IEEE std. 1149.1 (JTAG) Standard. Debugger Access to: ? All Internal Peripheral Units ? Internal and External RAM ? The Internal Register File ?Program Counter ? EEPROM and Flash Memories. Extensive On-Chip Debug Support for Break Conditions, Including: ?AVR Break Instruction ? Break on Change of Program Memory Flow ?Single Step Break ?Program Memory Breakpoints on Single Address or Address Range ? Data Memory Breakpoints on Single Address or Address Range. Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface. On-Chip Debugging Supported by AVR Stu
sfrb OCDR = $31;
#define OCDR0 0
#define OCDR1 1
#define OCDR2 2
#define OCDR3 3
#define OCDR4 4
#define OCDR5 5
#define OCDR6 6
#define OCDR7 7
sfrb MCUCR = $35;
#define JTD 7
When this bit is written to zero, the JTAG interface is enabled if the JTAGEN fuse is programmed. If this bit is written to one, the JTAG interface is disabled. In order to avoid unintentional disabling or enabling of the JTAG interface, a timed sequence must be followed: The application software must write this to the desired value twice within four cycles to change the bit.
sfrb MCUSR = $34;
#define JTRF 4
This bit is set if a reset is being caused by a logic one in the JTAG Reset Register selected by the JTAG instruction AVR_RESET.This bit is reset by a Power-on reset,or by writing a logic zero to the flag.
EEPROM Read/Write Access. The EEPROM access registers are accessible in the I/O space. The write access time for the EEPROM is given in Table 1. A self-timing function, however, lets the user software detect when the next byte can be written. If the user code contains instructions that write the EEPROM, some precautions must be taken. In heavily filtered power supplies, V CC is likely to rise or fall slowly on power-up/down. This causes the device for some period of time to run at a voltage lower than specified as minimum for the clock frequency used. See ?Preventing EEPROM Corruption? on page 19. for details on how to avoid problems in these situations.In order to prevent unintentional EEPROM writes, a specific write procedure must be followed. Refer to the description of the EEPROM Control Register for details on this. When the EEPROM is read, the CPU is halted for four clock cycles before the next instruction is executed. When theEEPROM is written, the CPU is halted for two clock cycles before the next instruction is execute
sfrb EEARH = $22;
#define EEAR8 0
#define EEAR9 1
#define EEAR10 2
sfrb EEARL = $21;
#define EEARL0 0
#define EEARL1 1
#define EEARL2 2
#define EEARL3 3
#define EEARL4 4
#define EEARL5 5
#define EEARL6 6
#define EEARL7 7
sfrb EEDR = $20;
#define EEDR0 0
#define EEDR1 1
#define EEDR2 2
#define EEDR3 3
#define EEDR4 4
#define EEDR5 5
#define EEDR6 6
#define EEDR7 7
sfrb EECR = $1F;
#define EERE 0
The EEPROM Read Enable Signal EERE is the read strobe to the EEPROM. When the correct address is set up in the EEAR register, the EERE bit must be written to a logic one to trigger the EEPROM read. The EEPROM read access takes one instruction, and the requested data is available immediately. When the EEPROM is read, the CPU is halted for four cycles before the next instruction is executed. The user should poll the EEWE bit before starting the read operation. If a write operation is in progress, it is neither possible to read the EEPROM, nor to change the EEAR register. The calibrated oscillator is used to time the EEPROM accesses. Table 1 lists the typical programming time for EEPROM access from the CPU
#define EEWE 1
The EEPROM Write Enable Signal EEWE is the write strobe to the EEPROM. When address and data are correctly set up, the EEWE bit must be set to write the value into the EEPROM. The EEMWE bit must be set when the logical one is written to EEWE, otherwise no EEPROM write takes place. The following procedure should be followed when writing the EEPROM (the order of steps 3 and 4 is not essential): 1. Wait until EEWE becomes zero. 2. Wait until SPMEN in SPMCR becomes zero. 3. Write new EEPROM address to EEAR (optional). 4. Write new EEPROM data to EEDR (optional). 5. Write a logical one to the EEMWE bit while writing a zero to EEWE in EECR. 6. Within four clock cycles after setting EEMWE, write a logical one to EEWE. The EEPROM can not be programmed during a CPU write to the Flash memory. The software must check that the Flash programming is completed before initiating a new EEPROM write. Step 2 is only relevant if the software contains a boot loader allowing the CPU to program the Flash. If the Flash is never being updated by the CPU, step 2 can be omitted. See ?Boot Loader Support - Read While Write self-programming? on page 228 for details about boot programming. Caution: An interrupt between step 5 and step 6 will make the write cycle fail, since the EEPROM Master Write Enable will time-out. If an interrupt routine accessing the EEPROM is interrupting another EEPROM access, the EEAR or EEDR regis-ter will be modified, causing the interrupted EEPROM access to fail. It is recommended to have the global interrupt flag cleared during the 4 last steps to avoid these problems. When the write access time has elapsed, the EEWE bit is cleared by hardware. The user software can poll this bit and wait for a zero before writing the next byte. When EEWE has been set, the CPU is halted for two cycles before the next instruc-tion is executed
#define EEMWE 2
The EEMWE bit determines whether setting EEWE to one causes the EEPROM to be written. When EEMWE is written to one, writing EEWE to one within 4 clock cycles will write data to the EEPROM at the selected address. If EEMWE is zero, writing EEWE to one will have no effect. When EEMWE has been written to one by software, hardware clears the bit to zero after four clock cycles. See the description of the EEWE bit for an EEPROM write procedure.
#define EERIE 3
EEPROM Ready Interrupt Enable Writing EERIE to one enables the EEPROM Ready Interrupt if the I bit in SREG is set. Writing EERIE to zero disables the interrupt. The EEPROM Ready interrupt generates a constant interrupt when EEWE is cleared.
sfrb PORTA = $02;
#define PORTA0 0
#define PORTA1 1
#define PORTA2 2
#define PORTA3 3
#define PORTA4 4
#define PORTA5 5
#define PORTA6 6
#define PORTA7 7
sfrb DDRA = $01;
#define DDA0 0
#define DDA1 1
#define DDA2 2
#define DDA3 3
#define DDA4 4
#define DDA5 5
#define DDA6 6
#define DDA7 7
sfrb PINA = $00;
#define PINA0 0
#define PINA1 1
#define PINA2 2
#define PINA3 3
#define PINA4 4
#define PINA5 5
#define PINA6 6
#define PINA7 7
sfrb PORTB = $05;
#define PORTB0 0
#define PORTB1 1
#define PORTB2 2
#define PORTB3 3
#define PORTB4 4
#define PORTB5 5
#define PORTB6 6
#define PORTB7 7
sfrb DDRB = $04;
#define DDB0 0
#define DDB1 1
#define DDB2 2
#define DDB3 3
#define DDB4 4
#define DDB5 5
#define DDB6 6
#define DDB7 7
sfrb PINB = $03;
#define PINB0 0
#define PINB1 1
#define PINB2 2
#define PINB3 3
#define PINB4 4
#define PINB5 5
#define PINB6 6
#define PINB7 7
sfrb PORTC = $08;
#define PORTC0 0
#define PORTC1 1
#define PORTC2 2
#define PORTC3 3
#define PORTC4 4
#define PORTC5 5
#define PORTC6 6
#define PORTC7 7
sfrb DDRC = $07;
#define DDC0 0
#define DDC1 1
#define DDC2 2
#define DDC3 3
#define DDC4 4
#define DDC5 5
#define DDC6 6
#define DDC7 7
sfrb PINC = $06;
#define PINC0 0
#define PINC1 1
#define PINC2 2
#define PINC3 3
#define PINC4 4
#define PINC5 5
#define PINC6 6
#define PINC7 7
sfrb PORTD = $0B;
#define PORTD0 0
#define PORTD1 1
#define PORTD2 2
#define PORTD3 3
#define PORTD4 4
#define PORTD5 5
#define PORTD6 6
#define PORTD7 7
sfrb DDRD = $0A;
#define DDD0 0
#define DDD1 1
#define DDD2 2
#define DDD3 3
#define DDD4 4
#define DDD5 5
#define DDD6 6
#define DDD7 7
sfrb PIND = $09;
#define PIND0 0
#define PIND1 1
#define PIND2 2
#define PIND3 3
#define PIND4 4
#define PIND5 5
#define PIND6 6
#define PIND7 7
sfrb PORTE = $0E;
#define PORTE0 0
#define PORTE1 1
#define PORTE2 2
#define PORTE3 3
#define PORTE4 4
#define PORTE5 5
#define PORTE6 6
#define PORTE7 7
sfrb DDRE = $0D;
#define DDE0 0
#define DDE1 1
#define DDE2 2
#define DDE3 3
#define DDE4 4
#define DDE5 5
#define DDE6 6
#define DDE7 7
sfrb PINE = $0C;
#define PINE0 0
#define PINE1 1
#define PINE2 2
#define PINE3 3
#define PINE4 4
#define PINE5 5
#define PINE6 6
#define PINE7 7
sfrb PORTF = $11;
#define PORTF0 0
#define PORTF1 1
#define PORTF2 2
#define PORTF3 3
#define PORTF4 4
#define PORTF5 5
#define PORTF6 6
#define PORTF7 7
sfrb DDRF = $10;
#define DDF0 0
#define DDF1 1
#define DDF2 2
#define DDF3 3
#define DDF4 4
#define DDF5 5
#define DDF6 6
#define DDF7 7
sfrb PINF = $0F;
#define PINF0 0
#define PINF1 1
#define PINF2 2
#define PINF3 3
#define PINF4 4
#define PINF5 5
#define PINF6 6
#define PINF7 7
sfrb PORTG = $14;
#define PORTG0 0
#define PORTG1 1
#define PORTG2 2
#define PORTG3 3
#define PORTG4 4
sfrb DDRG = $13;
#define DDG0 0
#define DDG1 1
#define DDG2 2
#define DDG3 3
#define DDG4 4
sfrb PING = $12;
#define PING0 0
#define PING1 1
#define PING2 2
#define PING3 3
#define PING4 4
#define PING5 5
sfrb TCCR0A = $24;
#define CS00 0
The three clock select bits select the clock source to be used by the Timer/Counter,
#define CS01 1
The three clock select bits select the clock source to be used by the Timer/Counter,
#define CS02 2
The three clock select bits select the clock source to be used by the Timer/Counter,
#define WGM01 3
These bits control the counting sequence of the counter, the source for the maximum (TOP) counter value, and what type of waveform generation to be used. Modes of operation supported by the Timer/Counter unit are: Normal mode, Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC) mode, and two types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) modes. See Table 51 and ?Modes of Operation? on page 80.
#define COM0A0 4
These bits control the output compare pin (OC0) behavior. If one or both of the COM01:0 bits are set, the OC0 output over-rides the normal port functionality of the I/O pin it is connected to. However, note that the Data Direction Register (DDR) bit corresponding to OC0 pin must be set in order to enable the output driver. When OC0 is connected to the pin, the function of the COM01:0 bits depends on the WGM01:0 bit setting. Table 52 shows the COM01:0 bit functionality when the WGM01:0 bits are set to a normal or CTC mode (non-PWM)
#define COM0A1 5
These bits control the output compare pin (OC0) behavior. If one or both of the COM01:0 bits are set, the OC0 output over-rides the normal port functionality of the I/O pin it is connected to. However, note that the Data Direction Register (DDR) bit corresponding to OC0 pin must be set in order to enable the output driver. When OC0 is connected to the pin, the function of the COM01:0 bits depends on the WGM01:0 bit setting. Table 52 shows the COM01:0 bit functionality when the WGM01:0 bits are set to a normal or CTC mode (non-PWM
#define WGM00 6
These bits control the counting sequence of the counter, the source for the maximum (TOP) counter value, and what type of waveform generation to be used. Modes of operation supported by the Timer/Counter unit are: Normal mode, Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC) mode, and two types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) modes. See Table 51 and ?Modes of Operation? on page 80.
#define FOC0A 7
The FOC0A bit is only active when the WGM bits specifies a non-PWM mode. However, for ensuring compatibility with future devices, this bit must be set to zero when TCCR0 is written when operating in PWM mode. When writing a logical one to the FOC0 bit, an immediate compare match is forced on the waveform generation unit. The OC0 output is changed accord-ing to its COM01:0 bits setting. Note that the FOC0 bit is implemented as a strobe. Therefore it is the value present in the COM01:0 bits that determines the effect of the forced compare. A FOC0 strobe will not generate any interrupt, nor will it clear the timer in CTC mode using OCR0 as TOP. The FOC0 bit is always read as ze
sfrb TCNT0 = $26;
#define TCNT0_0 0
#define TCNT0_1 1
#define TCNT0_2 2
#define TCNT0_3 3
#define TCNT0_4 4
#define TCNT0_5 5
#define TCNT0_6 6
#define TCNT0_7 7
sfrb OCR0A = $27;
#define OCR0A0 0
#define OCR0A1 1
#define OCR0A2 2
#define OCR0A3 3
#define OCR0A4 4
#define OCR0A5 5
#define OCR0A6 6
#define OCR0A7 7
sfrb TIMSK0 = $6E;
#define TOIE0 0
When the TOIE0 bit is written to one, and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter0 Overflow interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt is executed if an overflow in Timer/Counter0 occurs, i.e. when the TOV0 bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
#define OCIE0A 1
When the OCIE0 bit is written to one, and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter0 Compare Match interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt is executed if a compare match in Timer/Counter0 occurs, i.e. when the OCF0 bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
sfrb TIFR0 = $15;
#define TOV0 0
The bit TOV0 is set (one) when an overflow occurs in Timer/Counter0. TOV0 is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, TOV0 is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the SREG I-bit, TOIE0 (Timer/Counter0 Overflow Interrupt Enable), and TOV0 are set (one), the Timer/Counter0 Overflow interrupt is executed. In PWM mode, this bit is set when Timer/Counter0 changes counting direction at $00.
#define OCF0A 1
The OCF0 bit is set (one) when a compare match occurs between the Timer/Counter0 and the data in OCR0 - Output Compare Register0. OCF0 is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alterna-tively, OCF0 is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the I-bit in SREG, OCIE0 (Timer/Counter0 Compare match Interrupt Enable), and OCF0 are set (one), the Timer/Counter0 Compare match Interrupt is executed.
sfrb GTCCR = $23;
#define PSR310 0
When this bit is set (one)the Timer/Counter1 and Timer/Counter0 prescaler will be reset.The bit will be cleared by hard ware after the operation is performed.Writing a zero to this bit will have no effect.Note that Timer/Counter1 and Timer/Counter0 share the same prescaler and a reset of this prescaler will affect both timers.This bit will always be read as zero.
#define TSM 7
sfrb TCCR1A = $80;
#define WGM10 0
Combined with the WGM13:2 bits found in the TCCR1B register,these bits control the counting sequence of the counter, the source for maximum (TOP)counter value,and what type of waveform generation to be used.Modes of operation supported by the timer/counter unit are:Normal mode (counter),Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC)mode,and three types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)modes. PLease refer to the manual for a Mode Bit Description Table.
#define WGM11 1
Combined with the WGM13:2 bits found in the TCCR1B register,these bits control the counting sequence of the counter, the source for maximum (TOP)counter value,and what type of waveform generation to be used.Modes of operation supported by the timer/counter unit are:Normal mode (counter),Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC)mode,and three types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)modes. PLease refer to the manual for a Mode Bit Description Table.
#define COM1B0 4
The COM1B1 and COM1B0 control bits determine any output pin action following a compare match in Timer/Counter1. Any output pin actions affect pin OC1B - Output CompareB. This is an alternative function to an I/O port, and the corre-sponding direction control bit must be set (one) to control an output pin.
#define COM1B1 5
The COM1B1 and COM1B0 control bits determine any output pin action following a compare match in Timer/Counter1. Any output pin actions affect pin OC1B - Output CompareB. This is an alternative function to an I/O port, and the corre-sponding direction control bit must be set (one) to control an output pin.
#define COM1A0 6
The COM1A1 and COM1A0 control bits determine any output pin action following a compare match in Timer/Counter1. Any output pin actions affect pin OC1A - Output CompareA. This is an alternative function to an I/O port, and the corresponding direction control bit must be set (one) to control an output pin. The control configuration is shown in Table 10.
#define COM1A1 7
The COM1A1 and COM1A0 control bits determine any output pin action following a compare match in Timer/Counter1. Any output pin actions affect pin OC1A - Output CompareA. This is an alternative function to an I/O port, and the corresponding direction control bit must be set (one) to control an output pin. The control configuration is shown in Table 10.
sfrb TCCR1B = $81;
#define CS10 0
Select Prescaling Clock Source of Timer/Counter1. (0:0:0) = Stop. (0:0:1) = CK. (0:1:0) = CK / 8. (0:1:1) = CK / 64. (1:0:0) = CK / 256. (1:0:1) = CK / 1024. (1:1:0) = External Pin T1, falling edge. (1:1:1) = External Pin 1, rising edge.
#define CS11 1
Select Prescaling Clock Source of Timer/Counter1. (0:0:0) = Stop. (0:0:1) = CK. (0:1:0) = CK / 8. (0:1:1) = CK / 64. (1:0:0) = CK / 256. (1:0:1) = CK / 1024. (1:1:0) = External Pin T1, falling edge. (1:1:1) = External Pin 1, rising edge.
#define CS12 2
Select Prescaling Clock Source of Timer/Counter1. (0:0:0) = Stop. (0:0:1) = CK. (0:1:0) = CK / 8. (0:1:1) = CK / 64. (1:0:0) = CK / 256. (1:0:1) = CK / 1024. (1:1:0) = External Pin T1, falling edge. (1:1:1) = External Pin 1, rising edge.
#define WGM12 3
Combined with the WGM13:2 bits found in the TCCR1B register,these bits control the counting sequence of the counter, the source for maximum (TOP)counter value,and what type of waveform generation to be used.Modes of operation supported by the timer/counter unit are:Normal mode (counter),Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC)mode,and three types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)modes. PLease refer to the manual for a Mode Bit Description Table.
#define WGM13 4
Combined with the WGM13:2 bits found in the TCCR1B register,these bits control the counting sequence of the counter, the source for maximum (TOP)counter value,and what type of waveform generation to be used.Modes of operation supported by the timer/counter unit are:Normal mode (counter),Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC)mode,and three types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)modes. PLease refer to the manual for a Mode Bit Description Table.
#define ICES1 6
While the ICES1 bit is cleared (zero), the Timer/Counter1 contents are transferred to the Input Capture Register - ICR1 - on the falling edge of the input capture pin - ICP. While the ICES1 bit is set (one), the Timer/Counter1 contents are transferred to the Input Capture Register - ICR1 - on the rising edge of the input capture pin - ICP.
#define ICNC1 7
When the ICNC1 bit is cleared (zero), the input capture trigger noise canceler function is disabled. The input capture is triggered at the first rising/falling edge sampled on the ICP - input capture pin - as specified. When the ICNC1 bit is set (one), four successive samples are measures on the ICP - input capture pin, and all samples must be high/low according to the input capture trigger specification in the ICES1 bit. The actual sampling frequency is XTAL clock frequency.
sfrb TCCR1C = $82;
#define FOC1B 6
Writing a logical one to this bit, forces a change in the compare match output pin PD4 according to the values already set in COM1B1 and COM1B0.If the COM1B1 and COM1B0 bits are written in the same cycle as FOC1B,the new settings will not take effect until next compare match or forced compare match occurs. The Force Output Compare bit can be used to change the output pin without waiting for a compare match in the timer. The automatic action programmed in COM1B1 and COM1B0 happens as if a Compare Match had occurred, but no interrupt is generated. The corresponding I/O pin must be set as an output pin for the FOC1B bit to have effect on the pin. The FOC1B bit will always be read as zero. The setting of the FOC1B bit has no effect in PWM mo
#define FOC1A 7
Writing a logical one to this bit, forces a change in the compare match output pin PD5 according to the values already set in COM1A1 and COM1A0.If the COM1A1 and COM1A0 bits are written in the same cycle as FOC1A,the new settings will not take effect until next compare match or forced compare match occurs. The Force Output Compare bit can be used to change the output pin without waiting for a compare match in the timer. The automatic action programmed in COM1A1 and COM1A0 happens as if a Compare Match had occurred, but no interrupt is generated and it will not clear the timer even if CTC1 in TCCR1B is set. The corresponding I/O pin must be set as an output pin for the FOC1A bit to have effect on the pin. The FOC1A bit will always be read as zero. The setting of the FOC1A bit has no effect in PWM m
sfrb TCNT1H = $85;
#define TCNT1H0 0
#define TCNT1H1 1
#define TCNT1H2 2
#define TCNT1H3 3
#define TCNT1H4 4
#define TCNT1H5 5
#define TCNT1H6 6
#define TCNT1H7 7
sfrb TCNT1L = $84;
#define TCNT1L0 0
#define TCNT1L1 1
#define TCNT1L2 2
#define TCNT1L3 3
#define TCNT1L4 4
#define TCNT1L5 5
#define TCNT1L6 6
#define TCNT1L7 7
sfrb OCR1AH = $89;
#define OCR1AH0 0
#define OCR1AH1 1
#define OCR1AH2 2
#define OCR1AH3 3
#define OCR1AH4 4
#define OCR1AH5 5
#define OCR1AH6 6
#define OCR1AH7 7
sfrb OCR1AL = $88;
#define OCR1AL0 0
#define OCR1AL1 1
#define OCR1AL2 2
#define OCR1AL3 3
#define OCR1AL4 4
#define OCR1AL5 5
#define OCR1AL6 6
#define OCR1AL7 7
sfrb OCR1BH = $8B;
#define OCR1BH0 0
#define OCR1BH1 1
#define OCR1BH2 2
#define OCR1BH3 3
#define OCR1BH4 4
#define OCR1BH5 5
#define OCR1BH6 6
#define OCR1BH7 7
sfrb OCR1BL = $8A;
#define OCR1BL0 0
#define OCR1BL1 1
#define OCR1BL2 2
#define OCR1BL3 3
#define OCR1BL4 4
#define OCR1BL5 5
#define OCR1BL6 6
#define OCR1BL7 7
sfrb ICR1H = $87;
#define ICR1H0 0
#define ICR1H1 1
#define ICR1H2 2
#define ICR1H3 3
#define ICR1H4 4
#define ICR1H5 5
#define ICR1H6 6
#define ICR1H7 7
sfrb ICR1L = $86;
#define ICR1L0 0
#define ICR1L1 1
#define ICR1L2 2
#define ICR1L3 3
#define ICR1L4 4
#define ICR1L5 5
#define ICR1L6 6
#define ICR1L7 7
sfrb TIMSK1 = $6F;
#define TOIE1 0
When the TOIE1 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter1 Overflow interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt (at vector $006) is executed if an overflow in Timer/Counter1 occurs, i.e., when the TOV1 bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
#define OCIE1A 1
When the OCIE1A bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter1 CompareA Match interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt (at vector $004) is executed if a CompareA match in Timer/Counter1 occurs, i.e., when the OCF1A bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
#define OCIE1B 2
When the OCIE1B bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter1 CompareB Match interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt (at vector $005) is executed if a CompareB match in Timer/Counter1 occurs, i.e., when the OCF1B bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
#define ICIE1 5
When the TICIE1 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter1 Input Capture Event Interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt (at vector $003) is executed if a capture-triggering event occurs on pin 31, ICP, i.e., when the ICF1 bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
sfrb TIFR1 = $16;
#define TOV1 0
The TOV1 is set (one) when an overflow occurs in Timer/Counter1. TOV1 is cleared by hardware when executing the cor-responding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, TOV1 is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the I-bit in SREG, and TOIE1 (Timer/Counter1 Overflow Interrupt Enable), and TOV1 are set (one), the Timer/Counter1 Overflow Interrupt is executed. In PWM mode, this bit is set when Timer/Counter1 changes counting direction at $0000.
#define OCF1A 1
The OCF1A bit is set (one) when compare match occurs between the Timer/Counter1 and the data in OCR1A - Output Compare Register 1A. OCF1A is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alterna-tively, OCF1A is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the I-bit in SREG, and OCIE1A (Timer/Counter1 Compare match InterruptA Enable), and the OCF1A are set (one), the Timer/Counter1 Compare A match Interrupt is executed.
#define OCF1B 2
The OCF1B bit is set (one) when compare match occurs between the Timer/Counter1 and the data in OCR1B - Output Compare Register 1B. OCF1B is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alterna-tively, OCF1B is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the I-bit in SREG, and OCIE1B (Timer/Counter1 Compare match InterruptB Enable), and the OCF1B are set (one), the Timer/Counter1 Compare B match Interrupt is executed.
#define ICF1 5
The ICF1 bit is set (one) to flag an input capture event, indicating that the Timer/Counter1 value has been transferred to the input capture register - ICR1. ICF1 is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, ICF1 is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the SREG I-bit, and TICIE1 (Timer/Counter1 Input Capture Interrupt Enable), and ICF1 are set (one), the Timer/Counter1 Capture Interrupt is executed.
The 8-bit Timer/Counter2 can select clock source from CK, prescaled CK, or external crystal input TOSC1. It can also be stopped as described in the section ?Timer/Counter2 Control Register - TCCR2?. The status flags (overflow and compare match) are found in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR. Control signals are found in the Timer/Counter Control Register TCCR2. The interrupt enable/disable settings are found in ?The Timer/Counter Interrupt Mask Register - TIMSK?. When Timer/Counter2 is externally clocked, the external signal is synchronized with the oscillator frequency of the CPU. To assure proper sampling of the external clock, the minimum time between two external clock transitions must be at least one internal CPU clock period. The external clock signal is sampled on the rising edge of the internal CPU clock. This module features a high resolution and a high accuracy usage with the lower prescaling opportunities. Similarly, the high prescaling opportunities make this unit useful for lower speed functions or exact timing functions with infrequent actions. Timer/Counter2 can also be used as an 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator. In this mode, Timer/Counter2 and the output compare register serve as a glitch-free, stand-alone PWM with centered puls
sfrb TCCR2A = $B0;
#define CS20 0
The Clock Select bits 2,1, and 0 define the prescaling source of Timer/Counter2. (CS22:CS21:CS20) Description. (0:0:0) Timer/Counter2 is stopped. (0:0:1) PCK2. (0:1:0) PCK2/8. (0:1:1) PCK2/32. (1:0:0) PCK2/64. (1:0:1) PCK2/128. (1:1:0) PCK2/256. (1:1:1) PCK2/1024. The Stop condition provides a Timer Enable/Disable function. The prescaled modes are scaled directly from the PCK2 clock.
#define CS21 1
The Clock Select bits 2,1, and 0 define the prescaling source of Timer/Counter2. (CS22:CS21:CS20) Description. (0:0:0) Timer/Counter2 is stopped. (0:0:1) PCK2. (0:1:0) PCK2/8. (0:1:1) PCK2/32. (1:0:0) PCK2/64. (1:0:1) PCK2/128. (1:1:0) PCK2/256. (1:1:1) PCK2/1024. The Stop condition provides a Timer Enable/Disable function. The prescaled modes are scaled directly from the PCK2 clock.
#define CS22 2
The Clock Select bits 2,1, and 0 define the prescaling source of Timer/Counter2. (CS22:CS21:CS20) Description. (0:0:0) Timer/Counter2 is stopped. (0:0:1) PCK2. (0:1:0) PCK2/8. (0:1:1) PCK2/32. (1:0:0) PCK2/64. (1:0:1) PCK2/128. (1:1:0) PCK2/256. (1:1:1) PCK2/1024. The Stop condition provides a Timer Enable/Disable function. The prescaled modes are scaled directly from the PCK2 clock.
#define WGM21 3
These bits control the counting sequence of the counter,the source for hte maximum (TOP)counter value,and what type of waveform generation to be used.Modes of operation supported by the timer/counter unit are:Normal mode (counter), Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC)mode,and two types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)modes. Please refer to the manual for more information.
#define COM2A0 4
The COM21 and COM20 control bits determine any output pin action following a compare match in Timer/Counter2. Output pin actions affect pin PD7(OC2). This is an alternative function to an I/O port, and the corresponding direction control bit must be set (one) to control an output pin. (COM21:COM20) description: (0:0) = Timer/Counter disconnected from output pin OC2. (0:1) = Toggle the OC2 output line. (1:0) = Clear the OC2 output line (to zero). (1:1) = Set the OC2 output line (to one). Note: In PWM mode, these bits have a different function
#define COM2A1 5
The COM21 and COM20 control bits determine any output pin action following a compare match in Timer/Counter2. Output pin actions affect pin PD7(OC2). This is an alternative function to an I/O port, and the corresponding direction control bit must be set (one) to control an output pin. (COM21:COM20) description: (0:0) = Timer/Counter disconnected from output pin OC2. (0:1) = Toggle the OC2 output line. (1:0) = Clear the OC2 output line (to zero). (1:1) = Set the OC2 output line (to one). Note: In PWM mode, these bits have a different function
#define WGM20 6
These bits control the counting sequence of the counter,the source for hte maximum (TOP)counter value,and what type of waveform generation to be used.Modes of operation supported by the timer/counter unit are:Normal mode (counter), Clear Timer on Compare match (CTC)mode,and two types of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)modes. Please refer to the manual for more information.
#define FOC2A 7
Writing a logical one to this bit, forces a change in the compare match output pin OC2 according to the values already set in COM21 and COM20. If the COM21 and COM20 bits are written in the same cycle as FOC2, the new settings will not take effect until next compare match or forced output compare match occurs. The Force Output Compare bit can be used to change the output pin without waiting for a compare match in the timer. The automatic action programmed in COM21 and COM20 happens as if a Compare Match had occurred, but no interrupt is generated, and the Timer/Counter will not be cleared even if CTC2 is set. The corresponding I/O pin must be set as an output pin for the FOC2 bit to have effect on the pin. The FOC2 bit will always be read as zero. Setting the FOC2 bit has no effect in PWM mod
sfrb TCNT2 = $B2;
#define TCNT2-0 0
#define TCNT2-1 1
#define TCNT2-2 2
#define TCNT2-3 3
#define TCNT2-4 4
#define TCNT2-5 5
#define TCNT2-6 6
#define TCNT2-7 7
sfrb OCR2A = $B3;
#define OCR2A0 0
#define OCR2A1 1
#define OCR2A2 2
#define OCR2A3 3
#define OCR2A4 4
#define OCR2A5 5
#define OCR2A6 6
#define OCR2A7 7
sfrb TIMSK2 = $70;
#define TOIE2 0
When the TOIE2 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter2 Overflow interrupt is
#define OCIE2A 1
When the OCIE2 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the Timer/Counter2 Compare Match interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt (at vector $006) is executed if a compare match in Timer/Counter2 occurs, i.e. when the OCF2 bit is set in the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register - TIFR.
sfrb TIFR2 = $17;
#define TOV2 0
The TOV2 bit is set (one) when an overflow occurs in Timer/Counter2. TOV2 is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, TOV2 is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the SREG I-bit, and TOIE2 (Timer/Counter2 Overflow Interrupt Enable), and TOV2 are set (one), the Timer/Counter2 Overflow interrupt is executed. In up/down PWM mode, this bit is set when Timer/Counter2 changes counting direction at $00.
#define OCF2A 1
The OCF2 bit is set (one) when a compare match occurs between the Timer/Counter2 and the data in OCR2 - Output Compare Register2. OCF2 is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, OCF2 is cleared by writing a logic one to the flag. When the I-bit in SREG, and OCIE2 (Timer/Counter2 Compare match Interrupt Enable), and the OCF2 are set (one), the Timer/Counter2 Compare match Interrupt is executed.
sfrb GTCCR = $23;
#define PSR2 1
When this bit is set (one)the Timer/Counter2 prescaler will be reset.The bit will be cleared by hardware after the operation is performed.Writing a zero to this bit will have no effect.This bit will always be read as zero if Timer/Counter2 is clocked by the internal CPU clock.If this bit is written when Timer/Counter2 is operating in asynchronous mode,the bit will remain one until the prescaler has been reset.
sfrb ASSR = $B6;
#define TCR2UB 0
When Timer/Counter2 operates asynchronously and TCCR2A is written, this bit becomes set. When TCCR2A has been updated from the temporary storage register, this bit is cleared by hardware. A logical zero in this bit indicates that TCCR2A is ready to be updated with a new value. If a write is performed to any of the three Timer/Counter2 Registers while its update busy flag is set, the updated value might get corrupted and cause an unintentional inter-rupt to occur. The mechanisms for reading TCNT2, OCR2A, and TCCR2A are different. When read-ing TCNT2, the actual timer value is read. When reading OCR2A or TCCR2A, the value in the temporary storage register is r
#define OCR2UB 1
When Timer/Counter2 operates asynchronously and OCR2A is written, this bit becomes set. When OCR2A has been updated from the temporary storage register, this bit is cleared by hardware. A logical zero in this bit indicates that OCR2A is ready to be updated with a new value.
#define TCN2UB 2
When Timer/Counter2 operates asynchronously and TCNT2 is written, this bit becomes set. When TCNT2 has been updated from the temporary storage register, this bit is cleared by hardware. A logical zero in this bit indicates that TCNT2 is ready to be updated with a new value.
#define AS2 3
When AS2 is written to zero, Timer/Counter2 is clocked from the I/O clock, clk I/O . When AS2 is written to one, Timer/Counter2 is clocked from a crystal Oscillator connected to the Timer Oscillator 1 (TOSC1) pin. When the value of AS2 is changed, the contents of TCNT2, OCR2A, and TCCR2A might be corrupted.
#define EXCLK 4
When EXCLK is written to one, and asynchronous clock is selected, the external clock input buffer is enabled and an external clock can be input on Timer Oscillator 1 (TOSC1) pin instead of a 32 kHz crystal. Writing to EXCLK should be done before asynchronous operation is selected. Note that the crystal Oscillator will only run when this bit is zero.
sfrb WDTCR = $60;
#define WDP0 0
The WDP2,WDP1,and WDP0 bits determine the Watchdog Timer prescaling when the Watchdog Timer is enabled.
#define WDP1 1
The WDP2,WDP1,and WDP0 bits determine the Watchdog Timer prescaling when the Watchdog Timer is enabled.
#define WDP2 2
The WDP2,WDP1,and WDP0 bits determine the Watchdog Timer prescaling when the Watchdog Timer is enabled.
#define WDE 3
When the WDE is set (one) the Watchdog Timer is enabled, and if the WDE is cleared (zero) the Watchdog Timer function is disabled. WDE can only be cleared if the WDTOE bit is set(one). To disable an enabled watchdog timer, the following procedure must be followed: 1. In the same operation, write a logical one to WDTOE and WDE. A logical one must be written to WDE even though it is set to one before the disable operation starts. 2. Within the next four clock cycles, write a logical 0 to WDE. This disables the watchdog
#define WDCE 4
This bit must be set when the WDE bit is written to logic zero.Otherwise,the watchdog will not be disabled.Once written to one,hardware will clear this bit after four clock cycles.Refer to the description of the WDE bit for a watchdog disable procedure.This bit must also be set when changing the prescaler bits.
The Boot Loader Support provides a real Read While Write self-programming mechanism for downloading and uploading program code by the MCU itself. This feature allows flexible application software updates controlled by the MCU using a Flash-resident Boot Loader program. The Boot Loader program can use any available data interface and associated proto-col to read code and write (program) that code into the Flash memory, or read the code from the program memory. The program code within the Boot Loader section has the capability to write into the entire Flash, including the Boot Loader Memory. The Boot Loader can thus even modify itself, and it can also erase itself from the code if the feature is not needed anymore. The size of the Boot Loader Memory is configurable with fuses and the Boot Loader has two separate sets of Boot Lock Bits which can be set independently. This gives the user a unique flexibility to select different levels of protection. Boot Loader Features: Read While Write self-programming. Flexibl Boot Memory size. High security (separate Boot Lock bits for a flexible protection). Separate fuse to select reset vector Optimized page (1) size. Code efficient algorithm Efficient read-modify-write suppor
sfrb SPMCSR = $37;
#define SPMEN 0
This bit enables the SPM instruction for the next four clock cycles. If written to one together with either RWWSRE, BLB-SET, PGWRT or PGERS, the following SPM instruction will have a special meaning, see description above. If only SPMEN is written, the following SPM instruction will store the value in R1:R0 in the temporary page buffer addressed by the Z pointer. The LSB of the Z pointer is ignored. The SPMEN bit will auto-clear upon completion of an SPM instruction, or if no SPM instruction is executed within four clock cycles. During page erase and page write, the SPMEN bit remain high until the operation is completed. Writing any other combination than ?10001?, "01001", "00101", "00011" or "00001" in the lower five bits will have no effec
#define PGERS 1
If this bit is written to one at the same time as SPMEN, the next SPM instruction within four clock cycles executes page erase. The page address is taken from the high part of the Z pointer. The data in R1 and R0 are ignored. The PGERS bit will auto-clear upon completion of a page erase, or if no SPM instruction is executed within four clock cycles. The CPU is halted during the entire page write operation if the NRWW section is addressed.
#define PGWRT 2
If this bit is written to one at the same time as SPMEN, the next SPM instruction within four clock cycles executes page write, with the data stored in the temporary buffer. The page address is taken from the high part of the Z pointer. The data in R1 and R0 are ignored. The PGWRT bit will auto-clear upon completion of a page write, or if no SPM instruction is exe-cuted within four clock cycles. The CPU is halted during the entire page write operation if the NRWW section is addressed.
#define BLBSET 3
If this bit is written to one at the same time as SPMEN, the next SPM instruction within four clock cycles sets Boot Lock bits, according to the data in R0. The data in R1 and the address in the Z pointer are ignored. The BLBSET bit will automatically be cleared upon completion of the lock bit set, or if no SPM instruction is executed within four clock cycles. An LPM instruction within three cycles after BLBSET and SPMEN are set in the SPMCR register, will read either the Lock-bits or the Fuse bits (depending on Z0 in the Z pointer) into the destination register. See ?Reading the Fuse and Lock Bits from Software? on page 235 for details
#define RWWSRE 4
When programming (page erase or page write) to the RWW section, the RWW section is blocked for reading (the RWWSB will be set by hardware). To re-enable the RWW section, the user software must wait until the programming is completed (SPMEN will be cleared). Then, if the RWWSRE bit is written to one at the same time as SPMEN, the next SPM instruction within four clock cycles re-enables the RWW section. The RWW section cannot be re-enabled while Flash is busy with a page erase or a page write (SPMEN is set). If the RWWSRE bit is written while the Flash is being loaded, the Flash load operation will abort and the data loaded will be lo
#define RWWSB 6
When a self-programming (page erase or page write) operation to the RWW section is initiated, the RWWSB will be set (one) by hardware. When the RWWSB bit is set, the RWW section cannot be accessed. The RWWSB bit will be cleared if the RWWSRE bit is written to one after a self-programming operation is completed. Alternatively the RWWSB bit will auto-matically be cleared if a page load operation is initiated.
#define SPMIE 7
When the SPMIE bit is written to one, and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the SPM ready interrupt will be enabled. The SPM ready Interrupt will be executed as long as the SPMEN bit in the SPMCR register is cleared.
sfrb PORTH = $DA;
#define PORTH0 0
#define PORTH1 1
#define PORTH2 2
#define PORTH3 3
#define PORTH4 4
#define PORTH5 5
#define PORTH6 6
#define PORTH7 7
sfrb DDRH = $D9;
#define DDH0 0
#define DDH1 1
#define DDH2 2
#define DDH3 3
#define DDH4 4
#define DDH5 5
#define DDH6 6
#define DDH7 7
sfrb PINH = $D8;
#define PINH0 0
#define PINH1 1
#define PINH2 2
#define PINH3 3
#define PINH4 4
#define PINH5 5
#define PINH6 6
#define PINH7 7
sfrb PORTJ = $DD;
#define PORTJ0 0
#define PORTJ1 1
#define PORTJ2 2
#define PORTJ3 3
#define PORTJ4 4
#define PORTJ5 5
#define PORTJ6 6
sfrb DDRJ = $DC;
#define DDJ0 0
#define DDJ1 1
#define DDJ2 2
#define DDJ3 3
#define DDJ4 4
#define DDJ5 5
#define DDJ6 6
sfrb PINJ = $DB;
#define PINJ0 0
#define PINJ1 1
#define PINJ2 2
#define PINJ3 3
#define PINJ4 4
#define PINJ5 5
#define PINJ6 6
sfrb LCDDR19 = $FF;
#define SEG332 0
#define SEG333 1
#define SEG334 2
#define SEG335 3
#define SEG336 4
#define SEG337 5
#define SEG338 6
#define SEG339 7
sfrb LCDDR18 = $FE;
#define SEG324 0
#define SEG325 1
#define SEG326 2
#define SEG327 3
#define SEG328 4
#define SEG329 5
#define SEG330 6
#define SEG331 7
sfrb LCDDR17 = $FD;
#define SEG316 0
#define SEG317 1
#define SEG318 2
#define SEG319 3
#define SEG320 4
#define SEG321 5
#define SEG322 6
#define SEG323 7
sfrb LCDDR16 = $FC;
#define SEG308 0
#define SEG309 1
#define SEG310 2
#define SEG311 3
#define SEG312 4
#define SEG313 5
#define SEG314 6
#define SEG315 7
sfrb LCDDR15 = $FB;
#define SEG300 0
#define SEG301 1
#define SEG302 2
#define SEG303 3
#define SEG304 4
#define SEG305 5
#define SEG306 6
#define SEG307 7
sfrb LCDDR14 = $FA;
#define SEG232 0
#define SEG233 1
#define SEG234 2
#define SEG235 3
#define SEG236 4
#define SEG237 5
#define SEG238 6
#define SEG239 7
sfrb LCDDR13 = $F9;
#define SEG224 0
#define SEG225 1
#define SEG226 2
#define SEG227 3
#define SEG228 4
#define SEG229 5
#define SEG230 6
#define SEG231 7
sfrb LCDDR12 = $F8;
#define SEG216 0
#define SEG217 1
#define SEG218 2
#define SEG219 3
#define SEG220 4
#define SEG221 5
#define SEG222 6
#define SEG223 7
sfrb LCDDR11 = $F7;
#define SEG208 0
#define SEG209 1
#define SEG210 2
#define SEG211 3
#define SEG212 4
#define SEG213 5
#define SEG214 6
#define SEG215 7
sfrb LCDDR10 = $F6;
#define SEG200 0
#define SEG201 1
#define SEG202 2
#define SEG203 3
#define SEG204 4
#define SEG205 5
#define SEG206 6
#define SEG207 7
sfrb LCDDR9 = $F5;
#define SEG132 0
#define SEG133 1
#define SEG134 2
#define SEG135 3
#define SEG136 4
#define SEG137 5
#define SEG138 6
#define SEG139 7
sfrb LCDDR8 = $F4;
#define SEG124 0
#define SEG125 1
#define SEG126 2
#define SEG127 3
#define SEG128 4
#define SEG129 5
#define SEG130 6
#define SEG131 7
sfrb LCDDR7 = $F3;
#define SEG116 0
#define SEG117 1
#define SEG118 2
#define SEG119 3
#define SEG120 4
#define SEG121 5
#define SEG122 6
#define SEG123 7
sfrb LCDDR6 = $F2;
#define SEG108 0
#define SEG109 1
#define SEG110 2
#define SEG111 3
#define SEG112 4
#define SEG113 5
#define SEG114 6
#define SEG115 7
sfrb LCDDR5 = $F1;
#define SEG100 0
#define SEG101 1
#define SEG102 2
#define SEG103 3
#define SEG104 4
#define SEG105 5
#define SEG106 6
#define SEG107 7
sfrb LCDDR4 = $F0;
#define SEG032 0
#define SEG033 1
#define SEG034 2
#define SEG035 3
#define SEG036 4
#define SEG037 5
#define SEG038 6
#define SEG039 7
sfrb LCDDR3 = $EF;
#define SEG024 0
#define SEG025 1
#define SEG026 2
#define SEG027 3
#define SEG028 4
#define SEG029 5
#define SEG030 6
#define SEG031 7
sfrb LCDDR2 = $EE;
#define SEG016 0
#define SEG017 1
#define SEG018 2
#define SEG019 3
#define SEG020 4
#define SEG021 5
#define SEG022 6
#define SEG023 7
sfrb LCDDR1 = $ED;
#define SEG008 0
#define SEG009 1
#define SEG010 2
#define SEG011 3
#define SEG012 4
#define SEG013 5
#define SEG014 6
#define SEG015 7
sfrb LCDDR0 = $EC;
#define SEG000 0
#define SEG001 1
#define SEG002 2
#define SEG003 3
#define SEG004 4
#define SEG005 5
#define SEG006 6
#define SEG007 7
sfrb LCDCCR = $E7;
#define LCDCC0 0
The LCDCC3:0 bits determine the maximum voltage Vlcd on segment and common pins.
#define LCDCC1 1
The LCDCC3:0 bits determine the maximum voltage Vlcd on segment and common pins.
#define LCDCC2 2
The LCDCC3:0 bits determine the maximum voltage Vlcd on segment and common pins.
#define LCDCC3 3
The LCDCC3:0 bits determine the maximum voltage Vlcd on segment and common pins.
#define LCDDC0 5
The LCDDC2:0 bits determine the amount of time the LCD drivers are turned on for each voltage transition on segment and common pins. A short drive time will lead to lower power consumption, but displays with high internal resistance may need longer drive time to achieve satisfactory contrast. Note that the drive time will never be longer than one half prescaled LCD clock period, even if selected drive time is longer.
#define LCDDC1 6
The LCDDC2:0 bits determine the amount of time the LCD drivers are turned on for each voltage transition on segment and common pins. A short drive time will lead to lower power consumption, but displays with high internal resistance may need longer drive time to achieve satisfactory contrast. Note that the drive time will never be longer than one half prescaled LCD clock period, even if selected drive time is longer.
#define LCDDC2 7
The LCDDC2:0 bits determine the amount of time the LCD drivers are turned on for each voltage transition on segment and common pins. A short drive time will lead to lower power consumption, but displays with high internal resistance may need longer drive time to achieve satisfactory contrast. Note that the drive time will never be longer than one half prescaled LCD clock period, even if selected drive time is longer.
sfrb LCDFRR = $E6;
#define LCDCD0 0
The LCDCD2:0 bits determine division ratio in the clock divider.
#define LCDCD1 1
The LCDCD2:0 bits determine division ratio in the clock divider.
#define LCDCD2 2
The LCDCD2:0 bits determine division ratio in the clock divider.
#define LCDPS0 4
The LCDPS2:0 bits select tap point from a prescaler. The prescaled output can be further divided by setting the clock divide bits (LCDCD2:0).
#define LCDPS1 5
The LCDPS2:0 bits select tap point from a prescaler. The prescaled output can be further divided by setting the clock divide bits (LCDCD2:0).
#define LCDPS2 6
The LCDPS2:0 bits select tap point from a prescaler. The prescaled output can be further divided by setting the clock divide bits (LCDCD2:0).
sfrb LCDCRB = $E5;
#define LCDPM0 0
The LCDPM3:0 bits determine the number of port pin to be used as segment drivers.
#define LCDPM1 1
The LCDPM3:0 bits determine the number of port pin to be used as segment drivers.
#define LCDPM2 2
The LCDPM3:0 bits determine the number of port pin to be used as segment drivers.
#define LCDPM3 3
The LCDPM3:0 bits determine the number of port pin to be used as segment drivers.
#define LCDMUX0 4
The LCDMUX1:0 bits determine the duty cycle.Common pins that are not used my be used as ordinary port pins.
#define LCDMUX1 5
The LCDMUX1:0 bits determine the duty cycle.Common pins that are not used my be used as ordinary port pins.
#define LCD2B 6
When this bit is written to zero,1/3 bias is used.When this bit is written to one,1/2 bias is used
#define LCDCS 7
When this bit is written to zero,the chip clock is used.When this bit is written to one,the 32 kHz timer oscillator clock is used.
sfrb LCDCRA = $E4;
#define LCDBL 0
When this bit is written to one,the display will be blanked after completion of a frame.All segment and common pins will be driven to ground.
#define LCDIE 3
When this bit is written to one and the I-bit in SREG is set,the LCD Frame Complete Interrupt is enabled.
#define LCDIF 4
This bit is set by hardware at the beginning of a new frame,at the same time as the display data is updated.The LCD Frame Complete Interrupt is executed if the LCDIE bit and the I-bit in SREG are set.LCDIF is cleared by hardware when executing the corresponding interrupt handling vector.Alternatively,LCDIF is cleared by writing a logical one to the flag.
#define LCDAB 6
When LCDAB is written logic zero,waveform A is output on port pins.When LCDAB is written logic one,waveform B is output on port pins.If this bit is modified during display operation the change takes place in the beginning of a newframe.
#define LCDEN 7
Writing this bit to one enables the LCD.By writing it to zero,the LCD is turned off.Turning the LCD off while driving a display,enables ordinary port function,and DC will then be applied to the display if ports are configured as output.
sfrb EICRA = $69;
#define ISC00 0
The External Interrupt 0 is activated by the external pin INT0 if the SREG I-flag and the corresponding interrupt mask are set.The value on the INT0 pin is sampled before detecting edges. If edge or toggle interrupt is selected, pulses that last longer than one clock period will generate an interrupt. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate an interrupt. If low level interrupt is selected,the low level must be held until the completion of the currently executing instruction to generate an interrupt.
#define ISC01 1
The External Interrupt 0 is activated by the external pin INT0 if the SREG I-flag and the corresponding interrupt mask are set.The value on the INT0 pin is sampled before detecting edges. If edge or toggle interrupt is selected, pulses that last longer than one clock period will generate an interrupt. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate an interrupt. If low level interrupt is selected,the low level must be held until the completion of the currently executing instruction to generate an interrupt.
sfrb EIMSK = $1D;
#define INT0 0
When the INT0 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register (SREG) is set (one), the external pin interrupt is enabled. The Interrupt Sense Control0 bits 1/0 (ISC01 and ISC00) in the External Interrupt Control Register A (EICRA) define whether the external interrupt is activated on rising and/or falling edge of the INT0 pin or level sensed. Activity on the pin will cause an interrupt request even if INT0 is configured as an output.The corresponding interrupt of External Interrupt Request 0 is executed from the INT0 Interrupt Vector.
#define PCIE0 4
When the PCIE0 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register (SREG) is set (one), pin change interrupt 0 is enabled. Any change on any enabled PCINT7..0 pin will cause an interrupt. The corresponding interrupt of Pin Change Interrupt Request is executed from the PCINT0 interrupt Vector. PCINT8..0 pins are enabled individually by the PCMSK0 Register.
#define PCIE1 5
When the PCIE1 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register (SREG) is set (one), pin change interrupt 1 is enabled. Any change on any enabled PCINT15..8 pin will cause an interrupt
#define PCIE2 6
When the PCIE2 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register (SREG) is set (one), pin change interrupt 2 is enabled. Any change on any enabled PCINT23..16 pin will cause an interrupt
#define PCIE3 7
When the PCIE3 bit is set (one) and the I-bit in the Status Register (SREG) is set (one), pin change interrupt 3 is enabled. Any change on any enabled PCINT30..24 pin will cause an interrupt. The corresponding interrupt of Pin Change Interrupt Request is executed from the PCINT3 interrupt Vector. PCINT30..24 pins are enabled individually by the PCMSK3 Register. This bit is reserved bit in ATmega329/649 and should always be written to zero.
sfrb EIFR = $1C;
#define INTF0 0
When an edge or logic change on the INT0 pin triggers an interrupt request, INTF0 becomes set (one). If the I-bit in SREG and the INT0 bit in EIMSK are set (one), the MCU will jump to the corresponding Interrupt Vector. The flag is cleared when the interrupt routine is executed. Alternatively, the flag can be cleared by writing a logical one to it. This flag is always cleared when INT0 is configured as a level interrupt.
#define PCIF0 4
When a logic change on any PCINT7..0 pin triggers an interrupt request, PCIF0 becomes set (one). If the I-bit in SREG and the PCIE0 bit in EIMSK are set (one), the MCU will jump to the corresponding Interrupt Vector. The flag is cleared when the interrupt routine is executed. Alternatively, the flag can be cleared by writing a logical one to it.
#define PCIF1 5
When a logic change on any PCINT16..8 pin triggers an interrupt request, PCIF1 becomes set (one). If the I-bit in SREG and the PCIE1 bit in EIMSK are set (one), the MCU will jump to the corresponding Interrupt Vector. The flag is cleared when the interrupt routine is executed. Alternatively, the flag can be cleared by writing a logical one to it. This bit is reserved bit in ATmega329/649 and will always be read as zero.
#define PCIF2 6
When a logic change on any PCINT23..17 pin triggers an interrupt request, PCIF2 becomes set (one). If the I-bit in SREG and the PCIE2 bit in EIMSK are set (one), the MCU will jump to the corresponding Interrupt Vector. The flag is cleared when the interrupt routine is executed. Alternatively, the flag can be cleared by writing a logical one to it. This bit is reserved bit in ATmega329/649 and will always be read as zero.
#define PCIF3 7
When a logic change on any PCINT30..24 pin triggers an interrupt request, PCIF3 becomes set (one). If the I-bit in SREG and the PCIE3 bit in EIMSK are set (one), the MCU will jump to the corresponding Interrupt Vector. The flag is cleared when the interrupt routine is executed. Alternatively, the flag can be cleared by writing a logical one to it. This bit is reserved bit in ATmega329/649 and will always be read as zero.
sfrb PCMSK3 = $73;
#define PCINT24 0
#define PCINT25 1
#define PCINT26 2
#define PCINT27 3
#define PCINT28 4
#define PCINT29 5
#define PCINT30 6
sfrb PCMSK2 = $6D;
#define PCINT16 0
#define PCINT17 1
#define PCINT18 2
#define PCINT19 3
#define PCINT20 4
#define PCINT21 5
#define PCINT22 6
#define PCINT23 7
sfrb PCMSK1 = $6C;
#define PCINT8 0
#define PCINT9 1
#define PCINT10 2
#define PCINT11 3
#define PCINT12 4
#define PCINT13 5
#define PCINT14 6
#define PCINT15 7
sfrb PCMSK0 = $6B;
#define PCINT0 0
#define PCINT1 1
#define PCINT2 2
#define PCINT3 3
#define PCINT4 4
#define PCINT5 5
#define PCINT6 6
#define PCINT7 7