##### Synopsis

    #include <stdlib.h>
    double strtod(const char *nptr, char **endptr);

##### Description

strtod converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by nptr to a double representation.

First, strtod decomposes the input string into three parts: an initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space characters (as specified by isspace), a subject sequence resembling a floating-point constant, and a final string of one or more unrecognized characters, including the terminating null character of the input string. strtod then attempts to convert the subject sequence to a floating-point number, and return the result.

The subject sequence is defined as the longest initial subsequence of the input string, starting with the first non-white-space character, that is of the expected form. The subject sequence contains no characters if the input string is empty or consists entirely of white space, or if the first non-white-space character is other than a sign or a permissible letter or digit.

The expected form of the subject sequence is an optional plus or minus sign followed by a nonempty sequence of decimal digits optionally containing a decimal-point character, then an optional exponent part.

If the subject sequence begins with a minus sign, the value resulting from the conversion is negated.

A pointer to the final string is stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.

If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected form, no conversion is performed, the value of nptr is stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.

strtod returns the converted value, if any. If no conversion could be performed, zero is returned. If the correct value is outside the range of representable values, HUGE_VAL is returned according to the sign of the value, if any, and the value of the macro ERANGE is stored in errno.

##### Portability

strtod conforms to ISO/IEC 9899:1990 (C90).