# Using as

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## Using as

This file is a user guide to the GNU assembler `as` version 2.13.2.1.

This document is distributed under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

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## Index

- `#`: Comments
- `#APP`: Preprocessing
- `#NO_APP`: Preprocessing
- `$` in symbol names: H8/500-Chars, SH64-Chars, D30V-Chars, SH-Chars, D10V-Chars
- `-+` option, VAX/VMS: VAX-Opts
- `--`: Command Line
- `--32` option, i386: i386-Options
- `--32` option, x86-64: i386-Options
- `--64` option, i386: i386-Options
- `--64` option, x86-64: i386-Options
- `--base-size-default-16`: M68K-Opts
- `--base-size-default-32`: M68K-Opts
- `--bitwise-or` option, M680x0: M68K-Opts
- `--disp-size-default-16`: M68K-Opts
- `--disp-size-default-32`: M68K-Opts
- `--emulation=crisaout` command line option, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- `--emulation=criself` command line option, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- `--enforce-aligned-data`: Sparc-Aligned-Data
- `--fatal-warnings`: W
- `--fixed-special-register-names` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--force-long-branchs`: M68HC11-Opts
- `--generate-example`: M68HC11-Opts
- `--globalize-symbols` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--gnu-syntax` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--linker-allocated-gregs` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--listing-cont-lines`: listing
- `--listing-lhs-width`: listing
- `--listing-lhs-width2`: listing
- `--listing-rhs-width`: listing
- `--MD`: MD
- `--no-expand` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--no-merge-gregs` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--no-predefined-syms` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--no-underscore` command line option, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- `--no-warn`: W
- `--pcrel`: M68K-Opts
- `--pic` command line option, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- `--print-insn-syntax`: M68HC11-Opts
- `--print-opcodes`: M68HC11-Opts
- `--register-prefix-optional` option, M680x0: M68K-Opts
- `--relax` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `--short-branchs`: M68HC11-Opts
- `--statistics`: statistics
- `--strict-direct-mode`: M68HC11-Opts
- `--traditional-format`: traditional-format
- `--underscore` command line option, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- `--warn`: W
- `-1` option, VAX/VMS: VAX-Opts
- `-32addr` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-a`: a
- `-A` options, i960: Options-i960
- `-ac`: a
- `-ad`: a
- `-ah`: a
- `-al`: a
- `-an`: a
- `-as`: a
- `-Asparclet`: Sparc-Opts
- `-Asparclite`: Sparc-Opts
- `-Av6`: Sparc-Opts
- `-Av8`: Sparc-Opts
- `-Av9`: Sparc-Opts
- `-Av9a`: Sparc-Opts
- `-b` option, i960: Options-i960
- `-big`: SH Options
- -construct-floats: MIPS Opts
- `-D`: D
- `-D`, ignored on VAX: VAX-Opts
- `-d`, VAX option: VAX-Opts
- `-dsp`: SH Options
- `-EB` command line option, ARC: ARC Options
- `-EB` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-EB` option (MIPS): MIPS Opts
- `-EL` command line option, ARC: ARC Options
- `-EL` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-EL` option (MIPS): MIPS Opts
- `-f`: f
- `-F` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-G` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-g` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-G` option (MIPS): MIPS Opts
- `-h` option, VAX/VMS: VAX-Opts
- `-H` option, VAX/VMS: VAX-Opts
- `-I` path``: I
- `-J`, ignored on VAX: VAX-Opts
- `-K`: K
- `-k` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-L`: L
- `-l` option, M680x0: M68K-Opts
- `-little`: SH Options
- `-M`: M
- -m11/03: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/04: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/05: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/10: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/15: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/20: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/21: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/23: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/24: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/34: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/34a: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/35: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/40: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/44: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/45: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/50: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/53: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/55: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/60: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/70: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/73: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/83: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/84: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/93: PDP-11-Options
- -m11/94: PDP-11-Options
- `-m32r` option, M32R: M32R-Opts
- `-m32rx` option, M32RX: M32R-Opts
- `-m68000` and related options: M68K-Opts
- `-m68hc11`: M68HC11-Opts
- `-m68hc12`: M68HC11-Opts
- -mall: PDP-11-Options
- -mall-extensions: PDP-11-Options
- `-mapcs` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-mapcs-float` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-mapcs-reentrant` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-marc[5|6|7|8]` command line option, ARC: ARC Options
- `-march=` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-matpcs` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- -mcis: PDP-11-Options
- `-m` cpu`` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-mcpu=` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- -mcsm: PDP-11-Options
- `-mdebug` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- -meis: PDP-11-Options
- -mf11: PDP-11-Options
- -mfis: PDP-11-Options
- -mfp-11: PDP-11-Options
- -mfpp: PDP-11-Options
- -mfpu: PDP-11-Options
- `-mfpu=` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- -mj11: PDP-11-Options
- -mka11: PDP-11-Options
- -mkb11: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11a: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11b: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11d: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11e: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11f: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11h: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11k: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11q: PDP-11-Options
- -mkd11z: PDP-11-Options
- -mkev11: PDP-11-Options
- -mlimited-eis: PDP-11-Options
- -mmfpt: PDP-11-Options
- -mmicrocode: PDP-11-Options
- -mmutiproc: PDP-11-Options
- -mmxps: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-cis: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-csm: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-eis: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-extensions: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-fis: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-fp-11: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-fpp: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-fpu: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-kev11: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-limited-eis: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-mfpt: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-microcode: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-mutiproc: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-mxps: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-pic: PDP-11-Options
- -mno-spl: PDP-11-Options
- `-moabi` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- -mpic: PDP-11-Options
- -mspl: PDP-11-Options
- -mt11: PDP-11-Options
- `-mthumb` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-mthumb-interwork` command line option, ARM: ARM Options
- `-mv850` command line option, V850: V850 Options
- `-mv850any` command line option, V850: V850 Options
- `-mv850e` command line option, V850: V850 Options
- `-N` command line option, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- -no-construct-floats: MIPS Opts
- `-no-mdebug` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-no-relax` option, i960: Options-i960
- `-no-warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts` option, M32RX: M32R-Opts
- `-nocpp` ignored (MIPS): MIPS Opts
- `-o`: o
- `-R`: R
- `-relax`: SH Options
- `-relax` command line option, Alpha: Alpha Options
- `-S`, ignored on VAX: VAX-Opts
- `-small`: SH Options
- `-t`, ignored on VAX: VAX-Opts
- `-T`, ignored on VAX: VAX-Opts
- `-v`: v
- `-V`, redundant on VAX: VAX-Opts
- `-version`: v
- `-W`: W
- `-warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts` option, M32RX: M32R-Opts
- `-Wnp` option, M32RX: M32R-Opts
- `-Wp` option, M32RX: M32R-Opts
- `-wsigned_overflow` command line option, V850: V850 Options
- `-wunsigned_overflow` command line option, V850: V850 Options
- `-x` command line option, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- `.` (symbol): Dot
- `.hidden` directive: Hidden
- `.insn`: MIPS insn
- `.internal` directive: Internal
- `.ltorg` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- `.o`: Object
- `.param` on HPPA: HPPA Directives
- `.pool` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- `.popsection` directive: PopSection
- `.previous` directive: Previous
- `.protected` directive: Protected
- `.pushsection` directive: PushSection
- `.set autoextend`: MIPS autoextend
- `.set mdmx`: MIPS ASE instruction generation overrides
- `.set mips3d`: MIPS ASE instruction generation overrides
- `.set mips` n``: MIPS ISA
- `.set noautoextend`: MIPS autoextend
- `.set nomdmx`: MIPS ASE instruction generation overrides
- `.set nomips3d`: MIPS ASE instruction generation overrides
- `.set pop`: MIPS option stack
- `.set push`: MIPS option stack
- `.subsection` directive: SubSection
- `.v850` directive, V850: V850 Directives
- `.v850e` directive, V850: V850 Directives
- `.version`: Version
- `.vtable_entry`: VTableEntry
- `.vtable_inherit`: VTableInherit
- `.weak`: Weak
- 16-bit code, i386: i386-16bit
- 29K support: AMD29K-Dependent
- `2byte` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `3byte` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- 3DNow!, i386: i386-SIMD
- 3DNow!, x86-64: i386-SIMD
- `4byte` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `:` (label): Statements
- @word modifier, D10V: D10V-Word
- `\"` (doublequote character): Strings
- `\\` (`\` character): Strings
- `\b` (backspace character): Strings
- `\`ddd`` (octal character code): Strings
- `\f` (formfeed character): Strings
- `\n` (newline character): Strings
- `\r` (carriage return character): Strings
- `\t` (tab): Strings
- `\`xd...`` (hex character code): Strings
- `a.out`: Object
- `a.out` symbol attributes: a.out Symbols
- ABI options, SH64: SH64 Options
- `abort` directive: Abort
- `ABORT` directive: ABORT
- absolute section: Ld Sections
- addition, permitted arguments: Infix Ops
- addresses: Expressions
- addresses, format of: Secs Background
- addressing modes, D10V: D10V-Addressing
- addressing modes, D30V: D30V-Addressing
- addressing modes, H8/300: H8/300-Addressing
- addressing modes, H8/500: H8/500-Addressing
- addressing modes, M680x0: M68K-Syntax
- addressing modes, M68HC11: M68HC11-Syntax
- addressing modes, SH: SH-Addressing
- addressing modes, SH64: SH64-Addressing
- addressing modes, Z8000: Z8000-Addressing
- `ADR reg,<label>` pseudo op, ARM: ARM Opcodes
- `ADRL reg,<label>` pseudo op, ARM: ARM Opcodes
- advancing location counter: Org
- `align` directive: Align
- `align` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- `align` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- `align` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- Alpha floating point (IEEE): Alpha Floating Point
- Alpha line comment character: Alpha-Chars
- Alpha line separator: Alpha-Chars
- Alpha notes: Alpha Notes
- Alpha options: Alpha Options
- Alpha registers: Alpha-Regs
- Alpha relocations: Alpha-Relocs
- Alpha support: Alpha-Dependent
- Alpha Syntax: Alpha Options
- Alpha-only directives: Alpha Directives
- altered difference tables: Word
- alternate syntax for the 680x0: M68K-Moto-Syntax
- AMD 29K floating point (IEEE): AMD29K Floating Point
- AMD 29K identifiers: AMD29K-Chars
- AMD 29K line comment character: AMD29K-Chars
- AMD 29K machine directives: AMD29K Directives
- AMD 29K macros: AMD29K-Macros
- AMD 29K opcodes: AMD29K Opcodes
- AMD 29K options (none): AMD29K Options
- AMD 29K protected registers: AMD29K-Regs
- AMD 29K register names: AMD29K-Regs
- AMD 29K special purpose registers: AMD29K-Regs
- AMD 29K support: AMD29K-Dependent
- ARC floating point (IEEE): ARC Floating Point
- ARC machine directives: ARC Directives
- ARC opcodes: ARC Opcodes
- ARC options (none): ARC Options
- ARC register names: ARC-Regs
- ARC special characters: ARC-Chars
- ARC support: ARC-Dependent
- `arc5` arc5, ARC: ARC Options
- `arc6` arc6, ARC: ARC Options
- `arc7` arc7, ARC: ARC Options
- `arc8` arc8, ARC: ARC Options
- arch directive, i386: i386-Arch
- arch directive, x86-64: i386-Arch
- architecture options, i960: Options-i960
- architecture options, M32R: M32R-Opts
- architecture options, M32RX: M32R-Opts
- architecture options, M680x0: M68K-Opts
- architectures, PowerPC: PowerPC-Opts
- architectures, SPARC: Sparc-Opts
- arguments for addition: Infix Ops
- arguments for subtraction: Infix Ops
- arguments in expressions: Arguments
- arithmetic functions: Operators
- arithmetic operands: Arguments
- `arm` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- ARM floating point (IEEE): ARM Floating Point
- ARM identifiers: ARM-Chars
- ARM immediate character: ARM-Chars
- ARM line comment character: ARM-Chars
- ARM line separator: ARM-Chars
- ARM machine directives: ARM Directives
- ARM opcodes: ARM Opcodes
- ARM options (none): ARM Options
- ARM register names: ARM-Regs
- ARM support: ARM-Dependent
- `ascii` directive: Ascii
- `asciz` directive: Asciz
- assembler bugs, reporting: Bug Reporting
- assembler crash: Bug Criteria
- assembler directive .dword, CRIS: CRIS-Pseudos
- assembler directive .syntax, CRIS: CRIS-Pseudos
- assembler directive BSPEC, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive BYTE, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive ESPEC, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive GREG, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive IS, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive LOC, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive LOCAL, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive OCTA, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive PREFIX, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive TETRA, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directive WYDE, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler directives, CRIS: CRIS-Pseudos
- assembler directives, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- assembler internal logic error: As Sections
- assembler version: v
- assembler, and linker: Secs Background
- assembly listings, enabling: a
- assigning values to symbols: Equ, Setting Symbols
- `atmp` directive, i860: Directives-i860
- att_syntax pseudo op, i386: i386-Syntax
- att_syntax pseudo op, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- attributes, symbol: Symbol Attributes
- auxiliary attributes, COFF symbols: COFF Symbols
- auxiliary symbol information, COFF: Dim
- `Av7`: Sparc-Opts
- backslash (`\\`): Strings
- backspace (`\b`): Strings
- `balign` directive: Balign
- `balignl` directive: Balign
- `balignw` directive: Balign
- big endian output, MIPS: Overview
- big endian output, PJ: Overview
- big-endian output, MIPS: MIPS Opts
- bignums: Bignums
- binary files, including: Incbin
- binary integers: Integers
- bitfields, not supported on VAX: VAX-no
- `block`: Z8000 Directives
- `block` directive, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- branch improvement, M680x0: M68K-Branch
- branch improvement, M68HC11: M68HC11-Branch
- branch improvement, VAX: VAX-branch
- branch recording, i960: Options-i960
- branch statistics table, i960: Options-i960
- BSD syntax: PDP-11-Syntax
- `bss` directive, i960: Directives-i960
- `bss` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- bss section: bss, Ld Sections
- bug criteria: Bug Criteria
- bug reports: Bug Reporting
- bugs in assembler: Reporting Bugs
- bus lock prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- `bval`: Z8000 Directives
- `byte` directive: Byte
- call instructions, i386: i386-Mnemonics
- call instructions, x86-64: i386-Mnemonics
- `callj`, i960 pseudo-opcode: callj-i960
- carriage return (`\r`): Strings
- character constants: Characters
- character escape codes: Strings
- character, single: Chars
- characters used in symbols: Symbol Intro
- `code` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- `code16` directive, i386: i386-16bit
- `code16gcc` directive, i386: i386-16bit
- `code32` directive, i386: i386-16bit
- `code64` directive, i386: i386-16bit
- `code64` directive, x86-64: i386-16bit
- COFF auxiliary symbol information: Dim
- COFF structure debugging: Tag
- COFF symbol attributes: COFF Symbols
- COFF symbol descriptor: Desc
- COFF symbol storage class: Scl
- COFF symbol type: Type
- COFF symbols, debugging: Def
- COFF value attribute: Val
- COMDAT: Linkonce
- `comm` directive: Comm
- command line conventions: Command Line
- command line options, V850: V850 Options
- command-line options ignored, VAX: VAX-Opts
- comments: Comments
- comments, M680x0: M68K-Chars
- comments, removed by preprocessor: Preprocessing
- `common` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- common sections: Linkonce
- common variable storage: bss
- compare and jump expansions, i960: Compare-and-branch-i960
- compare/branch instructions, i960: Compare-and-branch-i960
- comparison expressions: Infix Ops
- conditional assembly: If
- constant, single character: Chars
- constants: Constants
- constants, bignum: Bignums
- constants, character: Characters
- constants, converted by preprocessor: Preprocessing
- constants, floating point: Flonums
- constants, integer: Integers
- constants, number: Numbers
- constants, string: Strings
- conversion instructions, i386: i386-Mnemonics
- conversion instructions, x86-64: i386-Mnemonics
- coprocessor wait, i386: i386-Prefixes
- `cputype` directive, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- crash of assembler: Bug Criteria
- CRIS `--emulation=crisaout` command line option: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS `--emulation=criself` command line option: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS `--no-underscore` command line option: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS `--pic` command line option: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS `--underscore` command line option: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS `-N` command line option: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS assembler directive .dword: CRIS-Pseudos
- CRIS assembler directive .syntax: CRIS-Pseudos
- CRIS assembler directives: CRIS-Pseudos
- CRIS instruction expansion: CRIS-Expand
- CRIS line comment characters: CRIS-Chars
- CRIS options: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS position-independent code: CRIS-Opts
- CRIS pseudo-op .dword: CRIS-Pseudos
- CRIS pseudo-op .syntax: CRIS-Pseudos
- CRIS pseudo-ops: CRIS-Pseudos
- CRIS register names: CRIS-Regs
- CRIS support: CRIS-Dependent
- CRIS symbols in position-independent code: CRIS-Pic
- `ctbp` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `ctoff` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- `ctpc` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `ctpsw` register, V850: V850-Regs
- current address: Dot
- current address, advancing: Org
- D10V @word modifier: D10V-Word
- D10V addressing modes: D10V-Addressing
- D10V floating point: D10V-Float
- D10V line comment character: D10V-Chars
- D10V opcode summary: D10V-Opcodes
- D10V optimization: Overview
- D10V options: D10V-Opts
- D10V registers: D10V-Regs
- D10V size modifiers: D10V-Size
- D10V sub-instruction ordering: D10V-Chars
- D10V sub-instructions: D10V-Subs
- D10V support: D10V-Dependent
- D10V syntax: D10V-Syntax
- D30V addressing modes: D30V-Addressing
- D30V floating point: D30V-Float
- D30V Guarded Execution: D30V-Guarded
- D30V line comment character: D30V-Chars
- D30V nops: Overview
- D30V nops after 32-bit multiply: Overview
- D30V opcode summary: D30V-Opcodes
- D30V optimization: Overview
- D30V options: D30V-Opts
- D30V registers: D30V-Regs
- D30V size modifiers: D30V-Size
- D30V sub-instruction ordering: D30V-Chars
- D30V sub-instructions: D30V-Subs
- D30V support: D30V-Dependent
- D30V syntax: D30V-Syntax
- data alignment on SPARC: Sparc-Aligned-Data
- data and text sections, joining: R
- `data` directive: Data
- data section: Ld Sections
- `data1` directive, M680x0: M68K-Directives
- `data2` directive, M680x0: M68K-Directives
- datalabel, SH64: SH64-Addressing
- `dbpc` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `dbpsw` register, V850: V850-Regs
- debuggers, and symbol order: Symbols
- debugging COFF symbols: Def
- DEC syntax: PDP-11-Syntax
- decimal integers: Integers
- `def` directive: Def
- `def` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- dependency tracking: MD
- deprecated directives: Deprecated
- `desc` directive: Desc
- descriptor, of `a.out` symbol: Symbol Desc
- `dfloat` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- `dfloat` directive, VAX: VAX-directives
- difference tables altered: Word
- difference tables, warning: K
- differences, mmixal: MMIX-mmixal
- `dim` directive: Dim
- directives and instructions: Statements
- directives, M680x0: M68K-Directives
- directives, machine independent: Pseudo Ops
- directives, Z8000: Z8000 Directives
- displacement sizing character, VAX: VAX-operands
- dollar local symbols: Symbol Names
- dot (symbol): Dot
- `double` directive: Double
- `double` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `double` directive, M680x0: M68K-Float
- `double` directive, M68HC11: M68HC11-Float
- `double` directive, VAX: VAX-float
- `double` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- doublequote (`\"`): Strings
- `dual` directive, i860: Directives-i860
- ECOFF sections: MIPS Object
- `ecr` register, V850: V850-Regs
- eight-byte integer: Quad
- `eipc` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `eipsw` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `eject` directive: Eject
- ELF symbol type: Type
- `else` directive: Else
- `elseif` directive: Elseif
- empty expressions: Empty Exprs
- emulation: Overview
- `end` directive: End
- `enddual` directive, i860: Directives-i860
- `endef` directive: Endef
- `endfunc` directive: Endfunc
- endianness, MIPS: Overview
- endianness, PJ: Overview
- `endif` directive: Endif
- `endm` directive: Macro
- EOF, newline must precede: Statements
- `ep` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `equ` directive: Equ
- `equiv` directive: Equiv
- `err` directive: Err
- error messages: Errors
- error on valid input: Bug Criteria
- errors, caused by warnings: W
- errors, continuing after: Z
- ESA/390 floating point (IEEE): ESA/390 Floating Point
- ESA/390 support: ESA/390-Dependent
- ESA/390 Syntax: ESA/390 Options
- ESA/390-only directives: ESA/390 Directives
- escape codes, character: Strings
- `even`: Z8000 Directives
- `even` directive, M680x0: M68K-Directives
- `exitm` directive: Macro
- expr (internal section): As Sections
- expression arguments: Arguments
- expressions: Expressions
- expressions, comparison: Infix Ops
- expressions, empty: Empty Exprs
- expressions, integer: Integer Exprs
- `extAuxRegister` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `extCondCode` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `extCoreRegister` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `extend` directive M680x0: M68K-Float
- `extend` directive M68HC11: M68HC11-Float
- `extended` directive, i960: Directives-i960
- `extern` directive: Extern
- `extInstruction` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `fail` directive: Fail
- faster processing (`-f`): f
- fatal signal: Bug Criteria
- `fepc` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `fepsw` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `ffloat` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- `ffloat` directive, VAX: VAX-directives
- `file` directive: File
- `file` directive, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- file name, logical: File
- files, including: Include
- files, input: Input Files
- `fill` directive: Fill
- filling memory: Skip, Space
- `float` directive: Float
- `float` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `float` directive, M680x0: M68K-Float
- `float` directive, M68HC11: M68HC11-Float
- `float` directive, VAX: VAX-float
- `float` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- floating point numbers: Flonums
- floating point numbers (double): Double
- floating point numbers (single): Single, Float
- floating point, Alpha (IEEE): Alpha Floating Point
- floating point, AMD 29K (IEEE): AMD29K Floating Point
- floating point, ARC (IEEE): ARC Floating Point
- floating point, ARM (IEEE): ARM Floating Point
- floating point, D10V: D10V-Float
- floating point, D30V: D30V-Float
- floating point, ESA/390 (IEEE): ESA/390 Floating Point
- floating point, H8/300 (IEEE): H8/300 Floating Point
- floating point, H8/500 (IEEE): H8/500 Floating Point
- floating point, HPPA (IEEE): HPPA Floating Point
- floating point, i386: i386-Float
- floating point, i960 (IEEE): Floating Point-i960
- floating point, M680x0: M68K-Float
- floating point, M68HC11: M68HC11-Float
- floating point, SH (IEEE): SH Floating Point
- floating point, SPARC (IEEE): Sparc-Float
- floating point, V850 (IEEE): V850 Floating Point
- floating point, VAX: VAX-float
- floating point, x86-64: i386-Float
- flonums: Flonums
- `force_thumb` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- format of error messages: Errors
- format of warning messages: Errors
- formfeed (`\f`): Strings
- `func` directive: Func
- functions, in expressions: Operators
- `gbr960`, i960 postprocessor: Options-i960
- `gfloat` directive, VAX: VAX-directives
- `global`: Z8000 Directives
- `global` directive: Global
- `gp` register, MIPS: MIPS Object
- `gp` register, V850: V850-Regs
- grouping data: Sub-Sections
- H8/300 addressing modes: H8/300-Addressing
- H8/300 floating point (IEEE): H8/300 Floating Point
- H8/300 line comment character: H8/300-Chars
- H8/300 line separator: H8/300-Chars
- H8/300 machine directives (none): H8/300 Directives
- H8/300 opcode summary: H8/300 Opcodes
- H8/300 options (none): H8/300 Options
- H8/300 registers: H8/300-Regs
- H8/300 size suffixes: H8/300 Opcodes
- H8/300 support: H8/300-Dependent
- H8/300H, assembling for: H8/300 Directives
- H8/500 addressing modes: H8/500-Addressing
- H8/500 floating point (IEEE): H8/500 Floating Point
- H8/500 line comment character: H8/500-Chars
- H8/500 line separator: H8/500-Chars
- H8/500 machine directives (none): H8/500 Directives
- H8/500 opcode summary: H8/500 Opcodes
- H8/500 options (none): H8/500 Options
- H8/500 registers: H8/500-Regs
- H8/500 support: H8/500-Dependent
- `half` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `half` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- `half` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- hex character code (`\`xd...``): Strings
- hexadecimal integers: Integers
- `hfloat` directive, VAX: VAX-directives
- `hi` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- `hi0` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- `hilo` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- HPPA directives not supported: HPPA Directives
- HPPA floating point (IEEE): HPPA Floating Point
- HPPA Syntax: HPPA Options
- HPPA-only directives: HPPA Directives
- `hword` directive: hword
- i370 support: ESA/390-Dependent
- i386 16-bit code: i386-16bit
- i386 arch directive: i386-Arch
- i386 att_syntax pseudo op: i386-Syntax
- i386 conversion instructions: i386-Mnemonics
- i386 floating point: i386-Float
- i386 immediate operands: i386-Syntax
- i386 instruction naming: i386-Mnemonics
- i386 instruction prefixes: i386-Prefixes
- i386 intel_syntax pseudo op: i386-Syntax
- i386 jump optimization: i386-Jumps
- i386 jump, call, return: i386-Syntax
- i386 jump/call operands: i386-Syntax
- i386 memory references: i386-Memory
- i386 `mul`, `imul` instructions: i386-Notes
- i386 options: i386-Options
- i386 register operands: i386-Syntax
- i386 registers: i386-Regs
- i386 sections: i386-Syntax
- i386 size suffixes: i386-Syntax
- i386 source, destination operands: i386-Syntax
- i386 support: i386-Dependent
- i386 syntax compatibility: i386-Syntax
- i80306 support: i386-Dependent
- i860 machine directives: Directives-i860
- i860 opcodes: Opcodes for i860
- i860 support: i860-Dependent
- i960 architecture options: Options-i960
- i960 branch recording: Options-i960
- i960 `callj` pseudo-opcode: callj-i960
- i960 compare and jump expansions: Compare-and-branch-i960
- i960 compare/branch instructions: Compare-and-branch-i960
- i960 floating point (IEEE): Floating Point-i960
- i960 machine directives: Directives-i960
- i960 opcodes: Opcodes for i960
- i960 options: Options-i960
- i960 support: i960-Dependent
- `ident` directive: Ident
- identifiers, AMD 29K: AMD29K-Chars
- identifiers, ARM: ARM-Chars
- `if` directive: If
- `ifc` directive: If
- `ifdef` directive: If
- `ifeq` directive: If
- `ifeqs` directive: If
- `ifge` directive: If
- `ifgt` directive: If
- `ifle` directive: If
- `iflt` directive: If
- `ifnc` directive: If
- `ifndef` directive: If
- `ifne` directive: If
- `ifnes` directive: If
- `ifnotdef` directive: If
- immediate character, ARM: ARM-Chars
- immediate character, M680x0: M68K-Chars
- immediate character, VAX: VAX-operands
- immediate operands, i386: i386-Syntax
- immediate operands, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- `imul` instruction, i386: i386-Notes
- `imul` instruction, x86-64: i386-Notes
- `incbin` directive: Incbin
- `include` directive: Include
- `include` directive search path: I
- indirect character, VAX: VAX-operands
- infix operators: Infix Ops
- inhibiting interrupts, i386: i386-Prefixes
- input: Input Files
- input file linenumbers: Input Files
- instruction expansion, CRIS: CRIS-Expand
- instruction expansion, MMIX: MMIX-Expand
- instruction naming, i386: i386-Mnemonics
- instruction naming, x86-64: i386-Mnemonics
- instruction prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- instruction set, M680x0: M68K-opcodes
- instruction set, M68HC11: M68HC11-opcodes
- instruction summary, D10V: D10V-Opcodes
- instruction summary, D30V: D30V-Opcodes
- instruction summary, H8/300: H8/300 Opcodes
- instruction summary, H8/500: H8/500 Opcodes
- instruction summary, SH: SH Opcodes
- instruction summary, SH64: SH64 Opcodes
- instruction summary, Z8000: Z8000 Opcodes
- instructions and directives: Statements
- `int` directive: Int
- `int` directive, H8/300: H8/300 Directives
- `int` directive, H8/500: H8/500 Directives
- `int` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `int` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- integer expressions: Integer Exprs
- integer, 16-byte: Octa
- integer, 8-byte: Quad
- integers: Integers
- integers, 16-bit: hword
- integers, 32-bit: Int
- integers, binary: Integers
- integers, decimal: Integers
- integers, hexadecimal: Integers
- integers, octal: Integers
- integers, one byte: Byte
- intel_syntax pseudo op, i386: i386-Syntax
- intel_syntax pseudo op, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- internal assembler sections: As Sections
- invalid input: Bug Criteria
- invocation summary: Overview
- `irp` directive: Irp
- `irpc` directive: Irpc
- ISA options, SH64: SH64 Options
- joining text and data sections: R
- jump instructions, i386: i386-Mnemonics
- jump instructions, x86-64: i386-Mnemonics
- jump optimization, i386: i386-Jumps
- jump optimization, x86-64: i386-Jumps
- jump/call operands, i386: i386-Syntax
- jump/call operands, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- label (`:`): Statements
- labels: Labels
- `lcomm` directive: Lcomm
- `ld`: Object
- `ldouble` directive M680x0: M68K-Float
- `ldouble` directive M68HC11: M68HC11-Float
- `LDR reg,=<label>` pseudo op, ARM: ARM Opcodes
- `leafproc` directive, i960: Directives-i960
- length of symbols: Symbol Intro
- `lflags` directive (ignored): Lflags
- line comment character: Comments
- line comment character, Alpha: Alpha-Chars
- line comment character, AMD 29K: AMD29K-Chars
- line comment character, ARM: ARM-Chars
- line comment character, D10V: D10V-Chars
- line comment character, D30V: D30V-Chars
- line comment character, H8/300: H8/300-Chars
- line comment character, H8/500: H8/500-Chars
- line comment character, M680x0: M68K-Chars
- line comment character, SH: SH-Chars
- line comment character, SH64: SH64-Chars
- line comment character, V850: V850-Chars
- line comment character, Z8000: Z8000-Chars
- line comment characters, CRIS: CRIS-Chars
- line comment characters, MMIX: MMIX-Chars
- `line` directive: Line
- `line` directive, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- line numbers, in input files: Input Files
- line numbers, in warnings/errors: Errors
- line separator character: Statements
- line separator, Alpha: Alpha-Chars
- line separator, ARM: ARM-Chars
- line separator, H8/300: H8/300-Chars
- line separator, H8/500: H8/500-Chars
- line separator, SH: SH-Chars
- line separator, SH64: SH64-Chars
- line separator, Z8000: Z8000-Chars
- lines starting with `#`: Comments
- linker: Object
- linker, and assembler: Secs Background
- `linkonce` directive: Linkonce
- `list` directive: List
- listing control, turning off: Nolist
- listing control, turning on: List
- listing control: new page: Eject
- listing control: paper size: Psize
- listing control: subtitle: Sbttl
- listing control: title line: Title
- listings, enabling: a
- little endian output, MIPS: Overview
- little endian output, PJ: Overview
- little-endian output, MIPS: MIPS Opts
- `ln` directive: Ln
- `lo` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- local common symbols: Lcomm
- local labels, retaining in output: L
- local symbol names: Symbol Names
- location counter: Dot
- location counter, advancing: Org
- logical file name: File
- logical line number: Line
- logical line numbers: Comments
- `long` directive: Long
- `long` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `long` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `long` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- `lp` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `lval`: Z8000 Directives
- M32R architecture options: M32R-Opts
- M32R options: M32R-Opts
- M32R support: M32R-Dependent
- M32R warnings: M32R-Warnings
- M680x0 addressing modes: M68K-Syntax
- M680x0 architecture options: M68K-Opts
- M680x0 branch improvement: M68K-Branch
- M680x0 directives: M68K-Directives
- M680x0 floating point: M68K-Float
- M680x0 immediate character: M68K-Chars
- M680x0 line comment character: M68K-Chars
- M680x0 opcodes: M68K-opcodes
- M680x0 options: M68K-Opts
- M680x0 pseudo-opcodes: M68K-Branch
- M680x0 size modifiers: M68K-Syntax
- M680x0 support: M68K-Dependent
- M680x0 syntax: M68K-Syntax
- M68HC11 addressing modes: M68HC11-Syntax
- M68HC11 and M68HC12 support: M68HC11-Dependent
- M68HC11 branch improvement: M68HC11-Branch
- M68HC11 floating point: M68HC11-Float
- M68HC11 opcodes: M68HC11-opcodes
- M68HC11 options: M68HC11-Opts
- M68HC11 pseudo-opcodes: M68HC11-Branch
- M68HC11 syntax: M68HC11-Syntax
- M88K support: M88K-Dependent
- machine dependencies: Machine Dependencies
- machine directives, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- machine directives, ARC: ARC Directives
- machine directives, ARM: ARM Directives
- machine directives, H8/300 (none): H8/300 Directives
- machine directives, H8/500 (none): H8/500 Directives
- machine directives, i860: Directives-i860
- machine directives, i960: Directives-i960
- machine directives, SH: SH Directives
- machine directives, SH64: SH64 Directives
- machine directives, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- machine directives, V850: V850 Directives
- machine directives, VAX: VAX-directives
- machine independent directives: Pseudo Ops
- machine instructions (not covered): Manual
- machine-independent syntax: Syntax
- `macro` directive: Macro
- macros: Macro
- Macros, AMD 29K: AMD29K-Macros
- macros, count executed: Macro
- make rules: MD
- manual, structure and purpose: Manual
- Maximum number of continuation lines: listing
- memory references, i386: i386-Memory
- memory references, x86-64: i386-Memory
- merging text and data sections: R
- messages from assembler: Errors
- minus, permitted arguments: Infix Ops
- MIPS architecture options: MIPS Opts
- MIPS big-endian output: MIPS Opts
- MIPS debugging directives: MIPS Stabs
- MIPS ECOFF sections: MIPS Object
- MIPS endianness: Overview
- MIPS ISA: Overview
- MIPS ISA override: MIPS ISA
- MIPS little-endian output: MIPS Opts
- MIPS MDMX instruction generation override: MIPS ASE instruction generation overrides
- MIPS MIPS-3D instruction generation override: MIPS ASE instruction generation overrides
- MIPS option stack: MIPS option stack
- MIPS processor: MIPS-Dependent
- MIT: M68K-Syntax
- MMIX assembler directive BSPEC: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive BYTE: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive ESPEC: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive GREG: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive IS: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive LOC: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive LOCAL: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive OCTA: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive PREFIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive TETRA: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directive WYDE: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX assembler directives: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX line comment characters: MMIX-Chars
- MMIX options: MMIX-Opts
- MMIX pseudo-op BSPEC: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op BYTE: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op ESPEC: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op GREG: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op IS: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op LOC: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op LOCAL: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op OCTA: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op PREFIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op TETRA: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-op WYDE: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX pseudo-ops: MMIX-Pseudos
- MMIX register names: MMIX-Regs
- MMIX support: MMIX-Dependent
- mmixal differences: MMIX-mmixal
- MMX, i386: i386-SIMD
- MMX, x86-64: i386-SIMD
- mnemonic suffixes, i386: i386-Syntax
- mnemonic suffixes, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- mnemonics for opcodes, VAX: VAX-opcodes
- mnemonics, D10V: D10V-Opcodes
- mnemonics, D30V: D30V-Opcodes
- mnemonics, H8/300: H8/300 Opcodes
- mnemonics, H8/500: H8/500 Opcodes
- mnemonics, SH: SH Opcodes
- mnemonics, SH64: SH64 Opcodes
- mnemonics, Z8000: Z8000 Opcodes
- Motorola syntax for the 680x0: M68K-Moto-Syntax
- MRI compatibility mode: M
- `mri` directive: MRI
- MRI mode, temporarily: MRI
- `mul` instruction, i386: i386-Notes
- `mul` instruction, x86-64: i386-Notes
- `name`: Z8000 Directives
- named section: Section
- named sections: Ld Sections
- names, symbol: Symbol Names
- naming object file: o
- new page, in listings: Eject
- newline (`\n`): Strings
- newline, required at file end: Statements
- `nolist` directive: Nolist
- `NOP` pseudo op, ARM: ARM Opcodes
- notes for Alpha: Alpha Notes
- null-terminated strings: Asciz
- number constants: Numbers
- number of macros executed: Macro
- numbered subsections: Sub-Sections
- numbers, 16-bit: hword
- numeric values: Expressions
- `nword` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- object file: Object
- object file format: Object Formats
- object file name: o
- object file, after errors: Z
- obsolescent directives: Deprecated
- `octa` directive: Octa
- octal character code (`\`ddd``): Strings
- octal integers: Integers
- `offset` directive, V850: V850 Directives
- opcode mnemonics, VAX: VAX-opcodes
- opcode summary, D10V: D10V-Opcodes
- opcode summary, D30V: D30V-Opcodes
- opcode summary, H8/300: H8/300 Opcodes
- opcode summary, H8/500: H8/500 Opcodes
- opcode summary, SH: SH Opcodes
- opcode summary, SH64: SH64 Opcodes
- opcode summary, Z8000: Z8000 Opcodes
- opcodes for AMD 29K: AMD29K Opcodes
- opcodes for ARC: ARC Opcodes
- opcodes for ARM: ARM Opcodes
- opcodes for V850: V850 Opcodes
- opcodes, i860: Opcodes for i860
- opcodes, i960: Opcodes for i960
- opcodes, M680x0: M68K-opcodes
- opcodes, M68HC11: M68HC11-opcodes
- operand delimiters, i386: i386-Syntax
- operand delimiters, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- operand notation, VAX: VAX-operands
- operands in expressions: Arguments
- operator precedence: Infix Ops
- operators, in expressions: Operators
- operators, permitted arguments: Infix Ops
- optimization, D10V: Overview
- optimization, D30V: Overview
- `option` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- option summary: Overview
- options for Alpha: Alpha Options
- options for AMD29K (none): AMD29K Options
- options for ARC (none): ARC Options
- options for ARM (none): ARM Options
- options for i386: i386-Options
- options for PDP-11: PDP-11-Options
- options for PowerPC: PowerPC-Opts
- options for SPARC: Sparc-Opts
- options for V850 (none): V850 Options
- options for VAX/VMS: VAX-Opts
- options for x86-64: i386-Options
- options, all versions of assembler: Invoking
- options, command line: Command Line
- options, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- options, D10V: D10V-Opts
- options, D30V: D30V-Opts
- options, H8/300 (none): H8/300 Options
- options, H8/500 (none): H8/500 Options
- options, i960: Options-i960
- options, M32R: M32R-Opts
- options, M680x0: M68K-Opts
- options, M68HC11: M68HC11-Opts
- options, MMIX: MMIX-Opts
- options, PJ: PJ Options
- options, SH: SH Options
- options, SH64: SH64 Options
- options, Z8000: Z8000 Options
- `org` directive: Org
- other attribute, of `a.out` symbol: Symbol Other
- output file: Object
- `p2align` directive: P2align
- `p2alignl` directive: P2align
- `p2alignw` directive: P2align
- padding the location counter: Align
- padding the location counter given a power of two: P2align
- padding the location counter given number of bytes: Balign
- page, in listings: Eject
- paper size, for listings: Psize
- paths for `.include`: I
- patterns, writing in memory: Fill
- PDP-11 comments: PDP-11-Syntax
- PDP-11 floating-point register syntax: PDP-11-Syntax
- PDP-11 general-purpose register syntax: PDP-11-Syntax
- PDP-11 instruction naming: PDP-11-Mnemonics
- PDP-11 support: PDP-11-Dependent
- PDP-11 syntax: PDP-11-Syntax
- PIC code generation for ARM: ARM Options
- PJ endianness: Overview
- PJ options: PJ Options
- PJ support: PJ-Dependent
- plus, permitted arguments: Infix Ops
- Position-independent code, CRIS: CRIS-Opts
- Position-independent code, symbols in, CRIS: CRIS-Pic
- PowerPC architectures: PowerPC-Opts
- PowerPC options: PowerPC-Opts
- PowerPC support: PPC-Dependent
- precedence of operators: Infix Ops
- precision, floating point: Flonums
- prefix operators: Prefix Ops
- prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- preprocessing: Preprocessing
- preprocessing, turning on and off: Preprocessing
- primary attributes, COFF symbols: COFF Symbols
- `print` directive: Print
- `proc` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- protected registers, AMD 29K: AMD29K-Regs
- pseudo-op .dword, CRIS: CRIS-Pseudos
- pseudo-op .syntax, CRIS: CRIS-Pseudos
- pseudo-op BSPEC, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op BYTE, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op ESPEC, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op GREG, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op IS, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op LOC, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op LOCAL, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op OCTA, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op PREFIX, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op TETRA, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-op WYDE, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- pseudo-opcodes, M680x0: M68K-Branch
- pseudo-opcodes, M68HC11: M68HC11-Branch
- pseudo-ops for branch, VAX: VAX-branch
- pseudo-ops, CRIS: CRIS-Pseudos
- pseudo-ops, machine independent: Pseudo Ops
- pseudo-ops, MMIX: MMIX-Pseudos
- `psize` directive: Psize
- `psw` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `purgem` directive: Purgem
- purpose of GNU assembler: GNU Assembler
- `quad` directive: Quad
- `quad` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `quad` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- real-mode code, i386: i386-16bit
- `register` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- register names, Alpha: Alpha-Regs
- register names, AMD 29K: AMD29K-Regs
- register names, ARC: ARC-Regs
- register names, ARM: ARM-Regs
- register names, CRIS: CRIS-Regs
- register names, H8/300: H8/300-Regs
- register names, MMIX: MMIX-Regs
- register names, V850: V850-Regs
- register names, VAX: VAX-operands
- register operands, i386: i386-Syntax
- register operands, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- registers, D10V: D10V-Regs
- registers, D30V: D30V-Regs
- registers, H8/500: H8/500-Regs
- registers, i386: i386-Regs
- registers, SH: SH-Regs
- registers, SH64: SH64-Regs
- registers, x86-64: i386-Regs
- registers, Z8000: Z8000-Regs
- relocation: Sections
- relocation example: Ld Sections
- relocations, Alpha: Alpha-Relocs
- repeat prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- reporting bugs in assembler: Reporting Bugs
- `rept` directive: Rept
- `req` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- `reserve` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- return instructions, i386: i386-Syntax
- return instructions, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- REX prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- `rsect`: Z8000 Directives
- `sbttl` directive: Sbttl
- `scl` directive: Scl
- `sdaoff` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- search path for `.include`: I
- `sect` directive, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- `section` directive: Section
- `section` directive, V850: V850 Directives
- section override prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- Section Stack: Previous, PushSection, Section, PopSection, SubSection
- section-relative addressing: Secs Background
- sections: Sections
- sections in messages, internal: As Sections
- sections, i386: i386-Syntax
- sections, named: Ld Sections
- sections, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- `seg` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- `segm`: Z8000 Directives
- `set` directive: Set
- `set` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- SH addressing modes: SH-Addressing
- SH floating point (IEEE): SH Floating Point
- SH line comment character: SH-Chars
- SH line separator: SH-Chars
- SH machine directives: SH Directives
- SH opcode summary: SH Opcodes
- SH options: SH Options
- SH registers: SH-Regs
- SH support: SH-Dependent
- SH64 ABI options: SH64 Options
- SH64 addressing modes: SH64-Addressing
- SH64 ISA options: SH64 Options
- SH64 line comment character: SH64-Chars
- SH64 line separator: SH64-Chars
- SH64 machine directives: SH64 Directives
- SH64 opcode summary: SH64 Opcodes
- SH64 options: SH64 Options
- SH64 registers: SH64-Regs
- SH64 support: SH64-Dependent
- `short` directive: Short
- `short` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- SIMD, i386: i386-SIMD
- SIMD, x86-64: i386-SIMD
- single character constant: Chars
- `single` directive: Single
- `single` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `single` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- sixteen bit integers: hword
- sixteen byte integer: Octa
- `size` directive: Size
- size modifiers, D10V: D10V-Size
- size modifiers, D30V: D30V-Size
- size modifiers, M680x0: M68K-Syntax
- size prefixes, i386: i386-Prefixes
- size suffixes, H8/300: H8/300 Opcodes
- sizes operands, i386: i386-Syntax
- sizes operands, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- `skip` directive: Skip
- `skip` directive, M680x0: M68K-Directives
- `skip` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- `sleb128` directive: Sleb128
- small objects, MIPS ECOFF: MIPS Object
- SOM symbol attributes: SOM Symbols
- source program: Input Files
- source, destination operands; i386: i386-Syntax
- source, destination operands; x86-64: i386-Syntax
- `sp` register, V850: V850-Regs
- `space` directive: Space
- space used, maximum for assembly: statistics
- SPARC architectures: Sparc-Opts
- SPARC data alignment: Sparc-Aligned-Data
- SPARC floating point (IEEE): Sparc-Float
- SPARC machine directives: Sparc-Directives
- SPARC options: Sparc-Opts
- SPARC support: Sparc-Dependent
- special characters, ARC: ARC-Chars
- special characters, M680x0: M68K-Chars
- special purpose registers, AMD 29K: AMD29K-Regs
- `stabd` directive: Stab
- `stabn` directive: Stab
- `stabs` directive: Stab
- `stab` x`` directives: Stab
- standard assembler sections: Secs Background
- standard input, as input file: Command Line
- statement separator character: Statements
- statement separator, Alpha: Alpha-Chars
- statement separator, ARM: ARM-Chars
- statement separator, H8/300: H8/300-Chars
- statement separator, H8/500: H8/500-Chars
- statement separator, SH: SH-Chars
- statement separator, SH64: SH64-Chars
- statement separator, Z8000: Z8000-Chars
- statements, structure of: Statements
- statistics, about assembly: statistics
- stopping the assembly: Abort
- string constants: Strings
- `string` directive: String
- `string` directive on HPPA: HPPA Directives
- `string` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- string literals: Ascii
- string, copying to object file: String
- `struct` directive: Struct
- structure debugging, COFF: Tag
- sub-instruction ordering, D10V: D10V-Chars
- sub-instruction ordering, D30V: D30V-Chars
- sub-instructions, D10V: D10V-Subs
- sub-instructions, D30V: D30V-Subs
- subexpressions: Arguments
- subtitles for listings: Sbttl
- subtraction, permitted arguments: Infix Ops
- summary of options: Overview
- support: HPPA-Dependent
- supporting files, including: Include
- suppressing warnings: W
- `sval`: Z8000 Directives
- symbol attributes: Symbol Attributes
- symbol attributes, `a.out`: a.out Symbols
- symbol attributes, COFF: COFF Symbols
- symbol attributes, SOM: SOM Symbols
- symbol descriptor, COFF: Desc
- symbol names: Symbol Names
- symbol names, `$` in: SH-Chars, D30V-Chars, SH64-Chars, H8/500-Chars, D10V-Chars
- symbol names, local: Symbol Names
- symbol names, temporary: Symbol Names
- symbol storage class (COFF): Scl
- symbol type: Symbol Type
- symbol type, COFF: Type
- symbol type, ELF: Type
- symbol value: Symbol Value
- symbol value, setting: Set
- symbol values, assigning: Setting Symbols
- symbol versioning: Symver
- symbol, common: Comm
- symbol, making visible to linker: Global
- symbolic debuggers, information for: Stab
- symbols: Symbols
- Symbols in position-independent code, CRIS: CRIS-Pic
- symbols with uppercase, VAX/VMS: VAX-Opts
- symbols, assigning values to: Equ
- symbols, local common: Lcomm
- `symver` directive: Symver
- syntax compatibility, i386: i386-Syntax
- syntax compatibility, x86-64: i386-Syntax
- syntax, D10V: D10V-Syntax
- syntax, D30V: D30V-Syntax
- syntax, M680x0: M68K-Syntax
- syntax, M68HC11: M68HC11-Syntax
- syntax, machine-independent: Syntax
- `sysproc` directive, i960: Directives-i960
- tab (`\t`): Strings
- `tag` directive: Tag
- `tdaoff` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- temporary symbol names: Symbol Names
- text and data sections, joining: R
- `text` directive: Text
- text section: Ld Sections
- `tfloat` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `tfloat` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- `thumb` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- Thumb support: ARM-Dependent
- `thumb_func` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- `thumb_set` directive, ARM: ARM Directives
- time, total for assembly: statistics
- `title` directive: Title
- `tp` register, V850: V850-Regs
- trusted compiler: f
- turning preprocessing on and off: Preprocessing
- `type` directive: Type
- type of a symbol: Symbol Type
- `ualong` directive, SH: SH Directives
- `uaword` directive, SH: SH Directives
- `uleb128` directive: Uleb128
- undefined section: Ld Sections
- `unsegm`: Z8000 Directives
- `use` directive, AMD 29K: AMD29K Directives
- V850 command line options: V850 Options
- V850 floating point (IEEE): V850 Floating Point
- V850 line comment character: V850-Chars
- V850 machine directives: V850 Directives
- V850 opcodes: V850 Opcodes
- V850 options (none): V850 Options
- V850 register names: V850-Regs
- V850 support: V850-Dependent
- `val` directive: Val
- value attribute, COFF: Val
- value of a symbol: Symbol Value
- VAX bitfields not supported: VAX-no
- VAX branch improvement: VAX-branch
- VAX command-line options ignored: VAX-Opts
- VAX displacement sizing character: VAX-operands
- VAX floating point: VAX-float
- VAX immediate character: VAX-operands
- VAX indirect character: VAX-operands
- VAX machine directives: VAX-directives
- VAX opcode mnemonics: VAX-opcodes
- VAX operand notation: VAX-operands
- VAX register names: VAX-operands
- VAX support: Vax-Dependent
- Vax-11 C compatibility: VAX-Opts
- VAX/VMS options: VAX-Opts
- version of assembler: v
- versions of symbols: Symver
- Visibility: Hidden, Protected, Internal
- VMS (VAX) options: VAX-Opts
- warning for altered difference tables: K
- warning messages: Errors
- warnings, causing error: W
- warnings, M32R: M32R-Warnings
- warnings, suppressing: W
- warnings, switching on: W
- whitespace: Whitespace
- whitespace, removed by preprocessor: Preprocessing
- wide floating point directives, VAX: VAX-directives
- Width of continuation lines of disassembly output: listing
- Width of first line disassembly output: listing
- Width of source line output: listing
- `word` directive: Word
- `word` directive, ARC: ARC Directives
- `word` directive, H8/300: H8/300 Directives
- `word` directive, H8/500: H8/500 Directives
- `word` directive, i386: i386-Float
- `word` directive, M88K: M88K Directives
- `word` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- `word` directive, x86-64: i386-Float
- writing patterns in memory: Fill
- `wval`: Z8000 Directives
- x86-64 arch directive: i386-Arch
- x86-64 att_syntax pseudo op: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 conversion instructions: i386-Mnemonics
- x86-64 floating point: i386-Float
- x86-64 immediate operands: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 instruction naming: i386-Mnemonics
- x86-64 intel_syntax pseudo op: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 jump optimization: i386-Jumps
- x86-64 jump, call, return: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 jump/call operands: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 memory references: i386-Memory
- x86-64 options: i386-Options
- x86-64 register operands: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 registers: i386-Regs
- x86-64 sections: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 size suffixes: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 source, destination operands: i386-Syntax
- x86-64 support: i386-Dependent
- x86-64 syntax compatibility: i386-Syntax
- `xword` directive, SPARC: Sparc-Directives
- Z800 addressing modes: Z8000-Addressing
- Z8000 directives: Z8000 Directives
- Z8000 line comment character: Z8000-Chars
- Z8000 line separator: Z8000-Chars
- Z8000 opcode summary: Z8000 Opcodes
- Z8000 options: Z8000 Options
- Z8000 registers: Z8000-Regs
- Z8000 support: Z8000-Dependent
- `zdaoff` pseudo-op, V850: V850 Opcodes
- `zero` register, V850: V850-Regs
- zero-terminated strings: Asciz

## Table of Contents

- Using as
- Overview
  - Structure of this Manual
  - The GNU Assembler
  - Object File Formats
  - Command Line
  - Input Files
  - Output (Object) File
  - Error and Warning Messages
- Command-Line Options
  - Enable Listings: `-a[cdhlns]`
  - `-D`
  - Work Faster: `-f`
  - `.include` search path: `-I` path
  - Difference Tables: `-K`
  - Include Local Labels: `-L`
  - Configuring listing output: `--listing`
  - Assemble in MRI Compatibility Mode: `-M`
  - Dependency tracking: `--MD`
  - Name the Object File: `-o`
  - Join Data and Text Sections: `-R`
  - Display Assembly Statistics: `--statistics`
  - Compatible output: `--traditional-format`
  - Announce Version: `-v`
  - Control Warnings: `-W`, `--warn`, `--no-warn`, `--fatal-warnings`
  - Generate Object File in Spite of Errors: `-Z`
- Syntax
  - Preprocessing
  - Whitespace
  - Comments
  - Symbols
  - Statements
  - Constants
    - Character Constants
      - Strings
      - Characters
    - Number Constants
      - Integers
      - Bignums
      - Flonums
- Sections and Relocation
  - Background
  - Linker Sections
  - Assembler Internal Sections
  - Sub-Sections
  - bss Section
- Symbols
  - Labels
  - Giving Symbols Other Values
  - Symbol Names
  - The Special Dot Symbol
  - Symbol Attributes
    - Value
    - Type
    - Symbol Attributes: `a.out`
      - Descriptor
      - Other
    - Symbol Attributes for COFF
      - Primary Attributes
      - Auxiliary Attributes
    - Symbol Attributes for SOM
- Expressions
  - Empty Expressions
  - Integer Expressions
    - Arguments
    - Operators
    - Prefix Operator
    - Infix Operators
- Assembler Directives
  - `.abort`
  - `.ABORT`
  - `.align` abs-expr`,` abs-expr`,` abs-expr``
  - `.ascii "`string`"`...
  - `.asciz "`string`"`...
  - `.balign[wl]` abs-expr`,` abs-expr`,` abs-expr``
  - `.byte` expressions``
  - `.comm` symbol`,` length``
  - `.data` subsection``
  - `.def` name``
  - `.desc` symbol`,` abs-expression``
  - `.dim`
  - `.double` flonums``
  - `.eject`
  - `.else`
  - `.elseif`
  - `.end`
  - `.endef`
  - `.endfunc`
  - `.endif`
  - `.equ` symbol`,` expression``
  - `.equiv` symbol`,` expression``
  - `.err`
  - `.exitm`
  - `.extern`
  - `.fail` expression``
  - `.file` string``
  - `.fill` repeat`,` size`,` value``
  - `.float` flonums``
  - `.func` name`[,`label`]`
  - `.global` symbol``, `.globl` symbol``
  - `.hidden` names``
  - `.hword` expressions``
  - `.ident`
  - `.if` absolute expression``
  - `.incbin "`file`"[,`skip`[,`count`]]`
  - `.include "`file`"`
  - `.int` expressions``
  - `.internal` names``
  - `.irp` symbol`,`values``...
  - `.irpc` symbol`,`values``...
  - `.lcomm` symbol`,` length``
  - `.lflags`
  - `.line` line-number``
  - `.linkonce [`type`]`
  - `.ln` line-number``
  - `.mri` val``
  - `.list`
  - `.long` expressions``
  - `.macro`
  - `.nolist`
  - `.octa` bignums``
  - `.org` new-lc`,` fill``
  - `.p2align[wl]` abs-expr`,` abs-expr`,` abs-expr``
  - `.previous`
  - `.popsection`
  - `.print` string``
  - `.protected` names``
  - `.psize` lines`,` columns``
  - `.purgem` name``
  - `.pushsection` name`,` subsection``
  - `.quad` bignums``
  - `.rept` count``
  - `.sbttl "`subheading`"`
  - `.scl` class``
  - `.section` name`` (COFF version)
  - `.section` name`` (ELF version)
  - `.set` symbol`,` expression``
  - `.short` expressions``
  - `.single` flonums``
  - `.size` (COFF version)
  - `.size` name`,` expression`` (ELF version)
  - `.sleb128` expressions``
  - `.skip` size`,` fill``
  - `.space` size`,` fill``
  - `.stabd, .stabn, .stabs`
  - `.string` "str"
  - `.struct` expression``
  - `.subsection` name``
  - `.symver`
  - `.tag` structname``
  - `.text` subsection``
  - `.title "`heading`"`
  - `.type` int`` (COFF version)
  - `.type` name`,` type description`` (ELF version)
  - `.uleb128` expressions``
  - `.val` addr``
  - `.version "`string`"`
  - `.vtable_entry` table`,` offset``
  - `.vtable_inherit` child`,` parent``
  - `.weak` names``
  - `.word` expressions``
  - Deprecated Directives
- Machine Dependent Features
  - AMD 29K Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Macros
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
    - Floating Point
    - AMD 29K Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - Alpha Dependent Features
    - Notes
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Relocations
    - Floating Point
    - Alpha Assembler Directives
    - Opcodes
  - ARC Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
    - Floating Point
    - ARC Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - ARM Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
    - Floating Point
    - ARM Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - CRIS Dependent Features
    - Command-line Options
    - Instruction expansion
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Symbols in position-independent code
      - Register names
      - Assembler Directives
  - D10V Dependent Features
    - D10V Options
    - Syntax
      - Size Modifiers
      - Sub-Instructions
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
      - @WORD Modifier
    - Floating Point
    - Opcodes
  - D30V Dependent Features
    - D30V Options
    - Syntax
      - Size Modifiers
      - Sub-Instructions
      - Special Characters
      - Guarded Execution
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
    - Floating Point
    - Opcodes
  - H8/300 Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
    - Floating Point
    - H8/300 Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - H8/500 Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
    - Floating Point
    - H8/500 Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - HPPA Dependent Features
    - Notes
    - Options
    - Syntax
    - Floating Point
    - HPPA Assembler Directives
    - Opcodes
  - ESA/390 Dependent Features
    - Notes
    - Options
    - Syntax
    - Floating Point
    - ESA/390 Assembler Directives
    - Opcodes
  - 80386 Dependent Features
    - Options
    - AT&T Syntax versus Intel Syntax
    - Instruction Naming
    - Register Naming
    - Instruction Prefixes
    - Memory References
    - Handling of Jump Instructions
    - Floating Point
    - Intel's MMX and AMD's 3DNow! SIMD Operations
    - Writing 16-bit Code
    - AT&T Syntax bugs
    - Specifying CPU Architecture
    - Notes
  - Intel i860 Dependent Features
    - i860 Notes
    - i860 Command-line Options
      - SVR4 compatibility options
      - Other options
    - i860 Machine Directives
    - i860 Opcodes
      - Other instruction support (pseudo-instructions)
  - Intel 80960 Dependent Features
    - i960 Command-line Options
    - Floating Point
    - i960 Machine Directives
    - i960 Opcodes
      - `callj`
      - Compare-and-Branch
  - M32R Dependent Features
    - M32R Options
    - M32R Warnings
  - M680x0 Dependent Features
    - M680x0 Options
    - Syntax
    - Motorola Syntax
    - Floating Point
    - 680x0 Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
      - Branch Improvement
      - Special Characters
  - M68HC11 and M68HC12 Dependent Features
    - M68HC11 and M68HC12 Options
    - Syntax
    - Floating Point
    - Opcodes
      - Branch Improvement
  - Motorola M88K Dependent Features
    - M88K Machine Directives
  - MIPS Dependent Features
    - Assembler options
    - MIPS ECOFF object code
    - Directives for debugging information
    - Directives to override the ISA level
    - Directives for extending MIPS 16 bit instructions
    - Directive to mark data as an instruction
    - Directives to save and restore options
    - Directives to control generation of MIPS ASE instructions
  - MMIX Dependent Features
    - Command-line Options
    - Instruction expansion
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Symbols
      - Register names
      - Assembler Directives
    - Differences to `mmixal`
  - PDP-11 Dependent Features
    - Options
      - Code Generation Options
      - Instruction Set Extention Options
      - CPU Model Options
      - Machine Model Options
    - Assembler Directives
    - PDP-11 Assembly Language Syntax
    - Instruction Naming
    - Synthetic Instructions
  - picoJava Dependent Features
    - Options
  - PowerPC Dependent Features
    - Options
  - Hitachi SH Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
    - Floating Point
    - SH Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - Hitachi SH64 Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
    - SH64 Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
  - SPARC Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Enforcing aligned data
    - Floating Point
    - Sparc Machine Directives
  - Z8000 Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
      - Addressing Modes
    - Assembler Directives for the Z8000
    - Opcodes
  - VAX Dependent Features
    - VAX Command-Line Options
    - VAX Floating Point
    - Vax Machine Directives
    - VAX Opcodes
    - VAX Branch Improvement
    - VAX Operands
    - Not Supported on VAX
  - v850 Dependent Features
    - Options
    - Syntax
      - Special Characters
      - Register Names
    - Floating Point
    - V850 Machine Directives
    - Opcodes
- Reporting Bugs
  - Have you found a bug?
  - How to report bugs
- Acknowledgements
- GNU Free Documentation License
- Index